拉萨八廓街地方性的游客认同建构  

The construction of tourists' placeness identity of Barkhor Street in Lhasa

作　　者：胡宪洋[1,2] 白凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275 [2]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062

出　　处：《地理学报》2015年第10期1632-1649,共18页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271157);国家旅游局青年旅游专家培养计划(TYETP201343);陕西省社会科学基金项目(13Q046);中央高校基金项目(11SZYB32;GK201505105)~~

摘　　要：地方性作为地方群体的主观创作,其结构随认同群体的差异而发生变化。为了初步探索地方性认同的组成结构,选择拉萨八廓街为案例地,从游客视角出发,通过理论建构和实证检验的研究思路,对拉萨八廓街的地方性展开实证分析。研究发现:地方性游客认同探索性理论模型包括识觉空间、生活空间和主体空间3个主范畴以及自然独特性、人文独特性、自我效能、环境可管理性、一致性、依恋和自我尊重等7个副范畴;研究所开发的地方性游客认同量表包含7个维度共计23个问项,量表整体结构良好,具有较好的稳定性和鉴别度;游客对拉萨八廓街地方性认同整体持积极态度,其中,识觉空间平均分最高,生活空间次之,而以主体空间得分最低;依据5种不同的理论结构设计成的5种竞争模型,经过验证性因子分析进行模型选择,并通过聚合效度与区分效度对所选模型加以验证,认为模型5是地方性游客认同的最佳模型,同时证明了探索性模型建构的正确性。此外,文章还对拉萨八廓街地方性的游客认同这一概念使用的理论渊源及其与重点相关概念的关系,以及概念模型建构的深化进行了讨论。Place is a subjective creation of human groups at regional level. Its structure changes with differences among diverse identity groups. In order to explore the dimensions and structure of placeness identity, this paper selects Barkhor Street in Lhasa as a case to conduct an empirical research from the tourists＇ perspective. Involving theoretical construction and empirical test, the research uses Grounded Theory and SEM to enrich the theoretical connotation of place theory and provide reference for further research. The authors build an exploratory theoretical model of tourists＇ placeness identity, which includes three categories- perceptional space, living space and subjective space, and seven subcategories-natural distinctiveness, cultural distinctiveness, self- efficiency, environmental manageability, consistency, attachment and self-esteem. Placeness identity is not a metaphysical concept, but a concept existing in the heart of each tourist. A questionnaire was developed to measure tourists＇ placeness identity. The scale consists of 23 items, which belong to seven dimensions. The scale is well-formed and has a good reliability and validity. The study finds that tourists tend to agree with the features of Barkhor Street＇ placeness. Perceptional space has the highest score, followed by living space and subjective space. In the seven subcategories, cultural distinctiveness is the highest, followed by natural distinctiveness, attachment, self-efficiency, environmental manageability, self-esteem, and consistency. This paper designed five competition models according to the theoretical structure. With confirmatory factor analysis, model five was found to be the best model which has good convergent validity and discriminant validity. The conclusion confirms the effectiveness of the exploratory model. In addition, this paper discusses the formation procedure of placeness, and the interaction between the production of space and placeness identity, as well as the level progression and transformation ofplaceness

关 键 词：地方性 游客认同 八廓街 扎根理论 理论建构 量表开发 拉萨 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]