蛋白质组研究中低丰度蛋白质的富集与鉴定技术  

The development of techniques for the enrichment and identification of low-abundant proteins in proteome researches

作　　者：杨景晶 钱小红[1,2,3] 蔡耘 应万涛[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院放射与辐射医学研究所 [2]蛋白质组学国家重点实验室 [3]北京蛋白质组研究中心,北京102206

出　　处：《生命的化学》2015年第5期686-690,共5页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：蛋白质组信息学关键技术及分析系统研发国际合作项目(2014DFB30010)

摘　　要：随着分离技术、质谱设备与生物信息学的发展,对复杂蛋白质组的深度覆盖研究已不再是遥不可及,对8 000个基因产物的规模化鉴定已经趋于常规化。然而,更深一步的蛋白质组覆盖,就遇到了低丰度蛋白质分离、鉴定等更高的挑战。因此,针对低丰度蛋白质鉴定方法与相关分离分析技术的发展,本文综述了改善低丰度蛋白质鉴定效率的三种方法的最新进展,包括蛋白质的高分辨分离与质谱分析策略、低丰度蛋白质的选择性富集方法和高丰度蛋白质的消减策略等。针对生物体系蛋白质组成的深度鉴定研究,逐步用于探索生命体在不同条件下蛋白质组的表达与修饰的动态变化,并最终发现具备重要生理与病理功能的调控性蛋白质、寻找候选药物靶标。With the development of protein or peptide separation, mass spectrometry identification and bioinformatics tools, it is feasible to achieve high coverage of a complex proteome with 8000 gene products routinely characterized. However, further identification of low abundance proteinsand protein modifications still pose great challenges. This paper reviews three different strategies as to the separation and identification of low abundance proteins, including high resolution separation of proteins and peptides and their identification by mass spectrometric method, the selective enrichment of low abundance proteins and the removal of high abundant proteins. The in-depth proteomics study of complex biological system, are gradually employed to explore the dynamic changes of expression and modification level of proteins under different stress conditions, aimed to find important physiological and pathological functions of the regulatory protein and look for the candidate drug targets.

关 键 词：蛋白质组学 质谱鉴定 低丰度蛋白质富集 高丰度蛋白质去除 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]