^60Co-γ辐射对3种变色叶类观赏海棠的诱变效应  

Mutagenic effects of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on three spring-red-leaf crabapple cultivars

作　　者：台德强 田佶[2] 耿惠[2] 姚允聪[2] 刘和[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]北京农学院植物科学与技术学院,北京102206 [3]山西林业职业技术学院,太原030009

出　　处：《果树学报》2015年第5期806-814,997,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：北京市属高等学校创新团队建设与教师职业发展计划项目(IDHT20140509)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨60Co-γ辐射对观赏海棠的诱变效应。【方法】以3种变色叶类观赏海棠品种‘高原之火’、‘印第安魔力’和‘绚丽’的1 a(年)生枝条为试材,采用不同剂量的60Co-γ射线对其接穗进行辐射后嫁接,探讨不同辐射处理条件下嫁接植株成活率、新梢、叶片及花瓣形态特征的变化规律,比较叶片与花瓣类黄酮含量的处理间差异。【结果】随着辐射剂量的升高,3个品种嫁接成活率都呈下降趋势,在60Co-γ辐射剂量大于80 Gy的条件下,成活率明显下降;与对照(0 Gy)相比,60Co-γ40~60 Gy处理导致3个品种新梢生长速率、新梢长度、枝条粗度、节间长度显著减小,叶面积、花瓣面积、叶片厚度显著降低;在60Co-γ辐射剂量0~60 Gy条件下,花色苷含量及其他类黄酮如黄酮醇、黄酮及黄烷醇含量在叶片与花瓣中发生规律性变化。【结论】60Co-γ辐射明显减少了新梢、叶、花的生长量,改变了叶、花类黄酮含量,但不同品种对60Co-γ辐射的敏感性不同。【Objective】To study the effects of irradiation on Malus crabapple,【Methods】The annual branches of three spring-red-leaf crabapple cultivars（ M.‘Prairifire＇,M.‘Indian Magic＇and M.‘Radiant＇） were treated with ^60Co-γ irradiation at different doses. The survival rate of grafted scions,the related index of new shoots,leaves as well as petals and the flavonoids content were investigated.【Results】The results showed that the survival rate of the grafted branches gradually decreased with the increasing of radiation dosage and decreased significantly when ^60Co-γ radiation dose was greater than 80 Gy. Compared with the control（0 Gy）,^60Co-γ irradiation resulted in the new shoot growth rate,the length and the diameter of new shoot and interval between branches,area of leaf and petal,leaf thickness decreased significantly. Flavonoids content,including anthocyanins,flavonols,flavones and flavanols content in leaves and petals,all showed a regular profile within the radiation dosage 0-60 Gy.【Conclusion】^60Co-γ radiation reduced the growth of new shoots,leaves,and petals significantly,and changed flavonoids content of leaves and petals,while the sensitivity of the three spring-red-leaf crabapple cultivars to ^60Co-γ radiation was different.

关 键 词：观赏海棠 诱变效应 ^60CO-Γ辐射 类黄酮 

分 类 号：S661.4[农业科学—果树学]