灯光罩网网口沉降与闭合性能研究  

A study on sinking and closing performance of falling-net

作　　者：李杰[1] 晏磊[1] 陈森[1] 杨炳忠[1] 谭永光[1] 张鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2015年第5期117-124,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA092303);农业部财政重大专项(NFZX2013);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B06);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2015TS14)

摘　　要：根据2014年11月使用SDKN-500型网位仪所采集的罩网作业时网口深度和间距的实时数据,分析罩网网口沉降与闭合性能。结果发现:1)渔船绞收网口纲后,网口沉降和闭合速度不会马上突变,存在120.7 s的滞后时间;2)网口降至最大深度时(平均82.0 m),仍未完全闭合,此后深度相对稳定,直至网口完全闭合(平均68.0 s)并停滞一段时间(平均9.8 s)后网口才开始上升;3)渔船不同作业状态可分为开始放网(设为0 s)、开始绞收网口纲(平均104.0 s)、网口加速闭合(平均224.7 s)、网口达最大深度(平均266.6 s)、网口完全闭合(平均334.6 s),也是决定罩网性能的5个关键时间节点;4)4个时段的网口沉降速度分别为0.419 m·s-1、0.238m·s-1、0.233 m·s-1和-0.021 m·s-1,总体呈递减趋势,沉降中期存在波动;5)4个时段的网口闭合速度分别为0.103 m·s-1、0.105 m·s-1、0.253 m·s-1和0.424 m·s-1,总体呈递增趋势;整个沉降过程闭合速度在前期先变大后变小,在沉降后期明显加大。建议提高网口纲绞收速度以避免鱼群逃逸。Based on the real-time data of sinking depth and distance of net mouth of falling-net by SDKN-500 net monitor in November2014,we analyzed the sinking and closing performance of falling-net. The results show that： 1） The sinking and closing speeds would not mutate when pursing the purse line with retardation time of 120. 7s; 2） The net mouth was not completely closed when it reached the maximum depth（ averagely 82. 0 m）,and did not rise up until it was completely closed（ averagely 68. 0 s） and stayed for a while（ averagely 9. 8 s）; 3） The different operating conditions could be divided into the shooting time（ 0 s）,the pursing time（ averagely104. 0 s）,the time when the closing speed mutated（ averagely 224. 7 s）,the time when the net mouth reached the maximum depth（ averagely 266. 6 s） and the time when the net mouth was completely closed（ average 334. 6 s） in sequence,which were the five key time nodes determining the fishing performance of falling-net; 4） The sinking speeds of the four periods were 0. 419 m·s^-1,0. 238m·s^-1,0. 233 m·s^-1and- 0. 021 m·s^-1,respectively,showing a decreasing trend with fluctuation in the middle of settlement;5） The closing speeds of the four periods were 0. 103 m·s^-1,0. 105 m·s^-1,0. 253 m·s^-1and 0. 424 m·s^-1,respectively,showing an increasing trend. The closing speed of net mouth increased firstly and then decreased at the beginning of settlement,and the closing speed showed a significant increasing trend in the later period of settlement. It is suggested to increase the hauling speed to avoid fishescape.

关 键 词：灯光罩网 沉降性能 网口闭合性能 

分 类 号：S972.23[农业科学—捕捞与储运]