中古汉语副词“应”的语义类型与形成机制分析  

Research On Middle Ancient Chinese Adverbs " Ying(应)"

作　　者：常志伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宿迁学院中文系,江苏宿迁223800 [2]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《牡丹江师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期90-92,101,共4页Journal of Mudanjiang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目"<魏书>与<宋书>句法专题研究"(2014sJD786)

摘　　要：从语义上看,中古汉语副词"应"表示三种意义:用作时间副词时,分别表"即将"与"立即";用作总括范围副词时,相当于现代汉语中的"所有""一切"。这三种副词用法有着不同的来源和渠道。其时间副词用法大概由另一个常用时间副词"当"类化而来;而它范围副词用法的形成则受前后语境和特殊句法位置影响,致使其语义指向发生变化,即由指向其后的谓语动词转向含有复数意义的关联项。＂ Ying（应）＂, an adverb in Middle Ancient Chinese, had three main usages： it s used as time adverb which mean- ing is ＂ J ijiang（即将）＂ and＂ Dangji（ 当即 ）＂;as the scope adverb , its meaning is equivalent to ＂Suoyou（所有）＂ . each one of which has a different source and channel. Its usage of time adverb must have been analogized by another commonly used time adverb ＂Dang（当）＂. The formation of its scope adverb usage is due to the change of the syntactic context and the impact of special syntactic position. The two aspects promote Ying（应）to change its semantic orientation, making it change from its subsequent predicate verb to terms with a plural meaning .

关 键 词：中古汉语 副词 应 语义指向 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]