社区晚期癌症患者家属身心副反应的质性研究  

Physical and Mental Reactions in Family Members of Patients With Advanced Cancer in Communities

作　　者：刘晓惠[1] 王凌云[1] 赵洁[1] 郗然 陈小冬[1] 金琳[1] 路琦[1] 赵玉娇[1] 刘春燕[1] 胡宏 

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心,100120 [2]八一电影制片厂门诊部

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第28期3505-3508,共4页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解社区晚期癌症患者家属的主要身心副反应及其产生原因,探索家属需求,促进社区临终关怀事业发展。方法于2014年4—6月,采用立意抽样法,选取在西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心接受过临终关怀服务的16名晚期癌症患者家属进行深度访谈并录音,采用质性研究方法收集、整理资料,并分析、提炼主题。结果纳入的16名患者家属均表现出较严重的身心副反应,主要为:恐惧、悲伤、不舍;焦虑、迷茫、无助;亲人离世后后悔、自责。导致身心副反应产生的原因主要为:为求心安,自家陪床照顾体力不支;请护工照顾效果不满意,更添经济负担;居家照顾能力不及,担心忧虑并存。心理纾解、有经验患者家属的帮助和指导、社区临终关怀服务是其想要得到的主要帮助和支持。结论社区晚期癌症患者家属的身心副反应较严重,希望获得帮助的意愿较强烈,应受到高度重视与关怀。加强疾病相关知识教育和临终关怀服务宣传,培养家属自护能力,是减少患者家属身心副反应的主要途径。Objective To investigate major physical and mental reactions in family members of patients with advanced cancer in communities,the reasons and their needs,in order to improve community hospice care. Methods From April to June in 2014,we selected 16 family members of patients with advanced cancer who received hospice care in Desheng Community Health Service Center of Xicheng District using purposive sampling method,and we conducted in- depth interviews with the subjects and made sound records. Results Severe physical and mental reactions appeared in all 16 subjects,including fear,sadness,hate to part, anxiety, sense of being lost, helplessness and the regret and self- blame after patients＇ death. The reasons were the pursuit of peace of mind, inadequate physical strength in nursing, the dissatisfaction with the nursing of employed nursing workers, increasing financial burden, inability of domestic care and the coexistence of worry and concern. Support and help should be provided,including mental relief, the help and guidance from experienced persons and community hospice care service. Conclusion Family members of patients with advanced cancer in communities have serious physical and mental reactions and are in bad need of help, thus we should give more attention and care to them. Relevant education and hospice care service publicity should be enhanced,and the self- protection ability of family members of patients with advanced cancer should be cultivated,in order to reduce their side reactions.

关 键 词：癌 患者家属 临终关怀 身心副反应 定性研究 

分 类 号：R739.9[医药卫生—肿瘤] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]