深圳市观花植物资源调查及观赏特性研究  

Resource status and ornamental characteristics of flowering plant in Shenzhen City

作　　者：廖绍波[1] 陈勇[1] 孙冰[1] 陈雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520

出　　处：《生态科学》2015年第5期52-57,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑专题"城郊生态风景林构建技术"(2006BAD03A0602);深圳市科技计划项目"深圳市优良乡土树种选育及应用"(JSA200904031813A)

摘　　要：为了掌握深圳市观花植物应用情况,采用典型样地法,对深圳市城市森林观花植物的种类、习性以及其观赏特性进行调查和分析,结果表明:深圳市城市森林观花植物有60科131属171种,以蝶形花科(Papilionaceae)、茜草科(Rubiaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)、苏木科(Caesalpiniaceae)和马鞭草科(Verbenaceae)植物为主。深圳市观花植物以乔木类和灌木类占优势,分别有66种和57种,分别占总物种数的38.60%和33.33%;而藤本类和草本类分别有22种和26种,占总物种数的12.87%和15.20%。深圳市城市森林观花植物花色有红色、黄色、蓝紫色和白色,其中红花系列37种,黄花系列55种,蓝紫花系有14种,白花系列有65种,分别占总物种数的21.64%、32.16%、8.19%和38.01%。深圳市观花植物全年开花不断,主要集中在4-8月份;观花植物花期较长,绝大多数种类的花期在1个月以上。In order to learn the utilization status of flowering plants of urban forest in Shenzhen city, typical plots were set up to investigate their resources status, habitats and ornamental characteristics. The results showed that there were 171 flower plants species in total, belonging to 131 genera and 60 families, mainly in Papilionaceae, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae, Caesalpiniaceae and Verbenaceae in Shenzhen City. They were dominated by 66 species of trees and 57 species of shrubs, up to 38.60% and 33.33% of total number of species respectively. There were also 22 species of lianas and 26 species of herbs, up to 12.87% and 15.20% of total number of species respectively. By the classification of color of flowers, there were 37 species in red, 55 species in yellow, 14 species in violet, and 65 species in white, which were 21.64%, 32.16%, 8.19% and 38.01% of total number of species respectively. The florescence of these plants was overlapped for the whole year and mostly occurred from April to August. Most of the florescence of these plants was longer than one month.

关 键 词：观花植物 观赏特性 花色 花期 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]