长江口九段沙附近水域浮游动物时空分布及其与环境因子的关系  

Spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton and its relation with environmental factors in Jiuduansha inshore waters of Yangtze estuary

作　　者：赵坤[1] 吴波[1] 尤庆敏[1] 任晶 王全喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海九段沙湿地自然保护区管理署,上海200135

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第5期374-379,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：长江水环境教育部重点实验室开放课题(YRWEF201103)

摘　　要：为探究九段沙附近水域浮游动物(包括轮虫、桡足类和枝角类)群落结构、丰度的时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2012年分季度进行了采样调查。该水域共检出浮游动物37种,其中轮虫31种,桡足类5种,枝角类1种。浮游动物丰度存在一定的季节差异,空间分布差异性极显著(p<0.01)。轮虫和桡足类在河口集中分布的区域不同,枝角类数量极少。通过对生物指标与环境因子的相关性分析,发现该区域浮游动物主要受温度、盐度、营养盐(TN、TP)、叶绿素a的影响。与前人研究比对,九段沙附近水域浮游动物种类数有增加趋势,优势种由原来较为单一向多元化发展,且一些富营养指示种现已成为优势类群。研究表明,该水域目前的生态环境状况不容乐观,周边环境压力值得重视。As is known,zooplankton plays a vital role in the sustainable survival of the aquatic ecosystem and the global biogeochemical circulation. The present paper is engaged in an investigation of the spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton community structure and the abundance in Jiuduansha inshore waters of Yangtze estuary and its response to the environmental effects in 4seasons. We have conducted the investigation on zooplankton（ including Rotifera,Copepoda,Cladocera） at 12 stations in Jiuduansha inshore waters of the Yangtze River estuary in 2012 by collecting the water samples in each season in a promptly regular manner. When back to the lab,we have managed to examine carefully each sample under an optical microscope to identify the zooplankton species and calculate the number of each species.And,finally,we have obtained data through statistical classification. The results of our laboratory tests show that among the totally 37 species of zooplankton,we have identified 31 species of them as Rotifera,and 5 species of them as Copepoda and only one of them as Cladocera. The abundance of zooplankton in the aforementioned waters also reveals a certain seasonal variation with the difference of the spatial distribution being highly significant（ p 0. 01） ： from the fresh water area to the mixed waterzone,the total abundance can be found significantly decreasing,whereas a slight increase can be found in the salty water area.While rotifers mainly distribute in the fresh water area near Huangpu River mouth with its abundance decreasing significantly with salinity increase along the estuary. On the one hand,copepods are mainly living in the salty water area,on the other,Cladocera are rare and play a less important role in the zone. By the correlation analysis of the biological indicators and the environmental factors,we have discovered that zooplankton in the area under survey is mainly affected by the temperature,salinity,nutrients（ TN,TP） and Chla. As compared with the historical data,the number of species

关 键 词：环境学 长江口九段沙 浮游动物 时空分布 环境因子 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q142.9[生物学—生态学]