高效、超低排放沼气热水器的设计及性能研究  

The Design and Properties Research of Biogas Water Heater with High Effi ciency and Low Exhaust

作　　者：齐亚腾 冯良[1] 胡标[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,201804

出　　处：《城市燃气》2015年第9期4-10,共7页Urban Gas

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题"村镇环境综合整治重大科技工程--村镇污水源头减排及生物生态处理关键技术和设备研发"(编号:2012BAJ21B01)

摘　　要："十二五"期间,沼气产业蓬勃发展,但长期的重建设轻利用给沼气产业带来了严重的利用率差、应用新技术推广滞后,沼气设施闲置等问题。为改善这一现状,本研究针对传统沼气热水器在性能方面的缺陷,在理论研究的基础上设计了一款高效、超低排、安全舒适的沼气热水器,旨在提高沼气热水器的市场占有率。通过试验的方法,分析空燃比与污染物排放的关系,确定该沼气热水器的最佳空燃比;并在最佳空燃比下,对其污染物排放、热效率、温控等性能进行测试,分析了热负荷与沼气热水器热效率、污染物排放(主要指NOx及CO)的关系。试验结果表明,在额定负荷下,CO(α=1)及NOx(α=1)的排放量分别为32.5ppm、22.9ppm,排放特性好;热效率为103.4%,达国家一级标准(96%);水温动态响应时间短,且触摸屏技术实现手动、自动双模式水温调控,具有较高的舒适性及操作便捷性。该沼气热水器克服了传统沼气热水器燃烧不稳定,热效率不高,排放特性差,恒温性能差等缺陷;同时集成触摸屏等信息技术,为用户营造了极好的视觉体验,相比市场上的沼气热水器具有很大的市场竞争力及开发潜力。During China ＂12th five-year＂ plan, the biogas has been a flourishing industry. But long-term heavy construction and light utilization bring biogas industry to some matters, such as low availability, use of the new technology lagging behind, biogas facilities being lay aside and so on. To improve this status quo, this paper aims at the defects of the old biogas water heater existing in terms of its thermal performance, based on the theoretical research, devises an efficient, ultralow-emission, safe and comfortable dual-use biogas water heater which also fit to the domestic gas to enhance its market share. This paper analyzes the relations between air-fuel ratio and discharge of pollutants by experimentation and determines the optimal air-fuel ratio. In the optimal air-fuel ratio, we text its emission performance, thermal efficiency and temperaturecontrol performance. Also, we analyze how the thermal load impact on the thermal efficiency and pollutant discharge （ mainly means NOx and CO ） of the biogas water heater. Results of the trial indicates that under rated load, the emissions of CO （ α=1 ） and NOx （ α=1 ） are 32.5 ppm and 22.9ppm, which shows an eminent emission performance; Its thermal efficiency is 103.4%, coming up to first class of national pollutant discharge standard to gas water heater; the dynamic response time of water temperature is shorter and the touch screen technology achieves the water temperature control in both modes of manual control and automatic control, which makes its users feel more comfortable and convenient. This biogas water heater overcomes the defects of combustion instability, low thermal efficiency, bad emission performance, weak temperature persistence and so on; also, its integration with touch screen technology creates stunning visual experience to the users, compared to traditional biogas water heater, and there exists great market competitiveness and developing potential.

关 键 词：沼气热水器 全预混 冷凝换热 触摸屏 热效率 排放特性 动态响应时间 

分 类 号：TS914.252[轻工技术与工程]