影响名动分离的超语言因素  

Supra-linguistic Issues of the Noun-Verb Neural Distinction

作　　者：冯骏[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学语言与认知研究中心

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2015年第10期97-102,158-159,共6页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：印欧语和汉语的神经语言学研究大多表明,大脑在理解名词和动词时具有不同的神经机制,即名动分离。支持名动分离这一结论的研究者一般将其归因于名词和动词本身在语义或语法上存在着显著差异。笔者认为,语义或语法上的差异是属于传统语言学范畴的内部因素;而如果将名动分离现象放置在认知科学的更大视角下,就会发现在人类认知的更深层次上还存在对名动分离更具决定性的超语言因素。尤其是相对于名词理解而言,动词理解非常依赖具身的动作体验;而具身的动作体验,则与思维的水平和发展方式以及大脑的结构和工作方式密切相关。同时,只有注意到超语言因素的存在,并在今后的神经语言学实验研究中充分考虑超语言因素的重要影响,才会使名动分离机制的实证研究得出更全面、客观的结论。Currently,an abundance of neurolingsuitic researches in Chinese and Indo-European languages indicate that nouns and verbs pose distinct neural mechanisms,which is generally considered to contribute to the inherent semantic or syntactic difference between nouns and verbs.This paper suggests that grammatical or semantic differences between nouns and verbs belong to traditionallinguistic area,while from the broader cognition perspective,there apparently exist some more decisive supra-linguistic factors as well.Especially,compared to nouns,understanding verbs greatly depends on the embodied action experience which is closely related to the level and development feature of thinking as well as the structure and working pattern of the brain.Meanwhile,this paper proposes that it is obviously more objective and comprehensive to consider these supra-linguistic factors in the future neurolinguistical researches on noun-verb distinction.

关 键 词：名词 动词 神经机制 布洛卡区 镜像神经元系统 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学]