由乙醇合成1,3-丁二烯的新型催化剂  

A Novel Catalyst for Synthesis of 1,3-Butadiene from Ethanol

作　　者：高美香[1,2] 刘宗章[1,2] 姜浩锡[1,2] 张敏华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学石油化工技术开发中心绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [2]天津化学化工协同创新中心,天津300072

出　　处：《石油化工》2015年第10期1157-1161,共5页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：针对乙醇和乙醛合成1,3-丁二烯的反应特点,设计并制备了MgO/γ-Al2O3和ZrO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂;采用TG-DTG,XRD,SEM,BET,TPD等方法对催化剂的晶相结构、微观结构和酸碱性质进行了表征;在固定床微型反应装置上对MgO/γ-Al2O3和Zr O2/γ-Al2O3催化剂上乙醇与乙醛合成1,3-丁二烯的反应活性进行了评价。实验结果表明,MgO/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化合成1,3-丁二烯的效果较好,当MgO的负载量为5%(w)时,MgO在γ-Al2O3载体表面分散均匀、比表面积较高、催化剂表面的酸性位和碱性位数量适中;在该催化剂上,当反应条件为350℃、常压、液态空速1.8 h-1、乙醇与乙醛的体积比2.5∶1时,1,3-丁二烯的选择性为36.64%,乙醇和乙醛的转化率分别为50.42%和56.49%。MgO/γ-Al2O3 and ZrO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for the synthesis of 1, 3-butadiene from ethanol and acetaldehyde were prepared, and were characterized by means of TG-DTG, XRD, TEM, BET and TPD. Their activities for the synthesis were evaluated in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the catalytic performances of the MgO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst were better than those of the ZrO2/γ-Al2O3. When the loading of MgO on γ-Al2O3 was 5%（w）, the active component MgO could be dispersed on the support well, and the catalyst showed proper acidity and basicity, which was beneficial to the synthesis. Under the reaction conditions of 350 ℃, atmosphere pressure, LHSV 1.8 h^-1 and volume ratio of ethanol to acetaldehyde 2.5 ： 1, the conversion of ethanol, the conversion of acetaldehyde and the selectivity to 1, 3-butadiene were 50.42%, 56.49% and 36.64%, respectively.

关 键 词：乙醇 乙醛 1 3-丁二烯 氧化镁/γ-氧化铝催化剂 氧化锆/γ-氧化铝催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]