5种滤料在循环养殖系统中去除氨氮效果的比较  

Comparison of Five Biofilter Media in Ammonia-removing Efficiency in the Recirculation Aquaculture System

作　　者：崔云亮[1,2] 顾志峰[1,2] 郑兴[1,2] 王爱民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带生物资源教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学海洋学院/海南省热带水生生物技术重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2015年第3期235-241,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国际科技合作专项(2012DFG32200;2013DFA31780);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC18B04);海南省科技兴海项目(XH201314)

摘　　要：采用自然挂膜法,研究了封闭循环水养殖系统中5种生物滤料挂膜成熟后氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮含量的变化趋势和相互关系,结果表明:在生物膜挂膜期间,5种不同生物滤料的氨氮质量浓度均随着系统运行时间的延长而逐渐下降,亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度先升后降,硝酸盐氮质量浓度则是逐渐上升。5种生物滤料中,珊瑚砂和红色呼吸环的效果最优,约23 d完成挂膜,氨氮去除率为98.5%。各生物滤料挂膜成熟后,可利用指数方程y=ae-bx对NH4+-N去除效果进行拟合,利用公y=1/(a+b/xlnx+c/x)对NO2--N及NO3--N去除效果进行拟合。生物滤料挂膜成熟后,海水中的氨氮质量浓度与亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度或硝酸盐氮质量浓度之间也可用指数方程y=ae-bx拟合。Five biofilter media,bacterial ball,white glass ring,volcanic rock,red breathing loop and coral sandstone,were used to remove dissolved NH4＋-N,NO2-N and NO3--N in the seawater in a closed recirculation aquaculture system by using the natural biofilm cultivation method,and to examine the change of and the relation among NH4＋-N,NO2-N and NO3--N in the seawater after the biofilm maturation. During biofilm cultivation,these biofilter media were found to reduce the NH4＋-N concentrations over time,increase initially and then decrease the NO2-N concentrations,and increase gradually the NO3--N concentrations. The coral sandstone and the red breathing loop were better than other media in removing inorganic nitrogen. They formed biofilms in about 23 days and reduced the ammonia concentrations to 0. 215 mg·L- 1at day 15 after biofilm formation,with a NH4＋-N removal rate of upto 98. 5%. After biofilm maturation,the exponential equation y = ae- bxwas fitted to the data of the NH4＋-N removal efficiencies of each biofilter medium,and the equation y = 1 /（ a ＋ b / xlnx ＋ c /x） fitted to the data of the NO2-N and NO3--N removal efficiencies. Moreover,the relationship between the NH4＋-N concentration and the NO2-N concentration or the NO3--N concentration in the sea water was also fitted by using the exponential equation y = ae- bx.

关 键 词：生物滤料 循环养殖系统 挂膜 氨氮 水处理 拟合模型 

分 类 号：S955.7[农业科学—水产养殖]