论康德意志自由的三重境界  

The Three Realms of Kant's Will Freedom

作　　者：刘月岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2015年第5期42-46,共5页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：江西省社会科学"十二五"规划项目"制度异化研究"(14ZX02);2014年江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(ZX1401)

摘　　要：康德设定的意志自由,是基于人的意志能够独立于感性欲望而按照理性命令来支配人的行动。在理想的意志自由状态,意志能够超脱感性欲望的阻碍而做到完全与理性命令相同一。但是,追求感性欲望的满足即幸福,毕竟也是人的基本属性。包括感性欲望在内的人的自然因果性,可以被人在实践中不断掌控,使人获得感性的意志自由。由此,以理性为根据的意志,不仅可以独立、超脱于自然因果性,而且能够不断掌控自然因果性。意志与自然因果性的这三种关系,就是意志自由的三重境界。Will freedom defined by Kant is based on the notion that man＇s will can, independent of natural desire and in accordance with rational command, dominate his action. In an ideal state of will freedom, man＇s will can get beyond the obstacle of emotional desire and be identical to rational command. However, the pursuit the satisfaction of e- motional desire, or happiness, after all, is the human nature. The natural cause and effect, including emotional desire, can be controlled by man in his practice, which enables man to achieve emotional will freedom. Therefore, the will based on rationality can become independent, detached from natural causality, and can control natural causality. The three kinds of relations between will and natural causality are in fact the three realms of will freedom.

关 键 词：意志 理性 自由 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]