代谢性疾病对情绪和认知功能的影响及其可能机制研究进展  

Effect of metabolic diseases on emotional and cognitive functions and its potential mechanisms:research progress

作　　者：刘琼珍[1,2] 吕文婷[1,2] 蔡旻煊[1,3] 吴华丽 尚靖[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学新药筛选中心,江苏南京210009 [2]天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室,江苏南京210009 [3]江苏省中药评价与转化重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2015年第5期847-858,共12页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"十二五重大新药创制"(2011ZX09401-007);十二五国家支撑项目(2012BAI30B001)~~

摘　　要：近年来,大量流行病学和动物实验研究表明,代谢性疾病如肥胖、2型糖尿病和代谢综合征对大脑功能有不良影响,会引起情绪障碍和认知损伤。代谢性疾病诱导情绪障碍和认知损伤涉及多种中枢功能异常,并与外周信号的介导密切相关。这些异常的中枢功能包括大脑萎缩和神经营养功能削弱、中枢胰岛素抵抗、中枢氧化应激、中枢瘦素抵抗、多巴胺奖赏环路失调等,外周介导信号涉及高甘油三酯/游离脂肪酸血症、炎症和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴失调等。另一方面,初步研究表明,抑郁症会增加代谢性疾病发生的风险,精神应激会影响机体糖脂代谢。代谢性疾病和大脑功能的相互影响已成为科学研究的热点之一。本文重点讨论肥胖及相关的代谢性疾病诱导情绪障碍和认知损伤的可能机制。In recent years,a considerable number of epidemiological investigations and animal studies have confirmed that metabolic diseases, such as obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, have adverse effects on brain functions,inducing mood disorders and cognition impairment.Brain dysfunctions induced by obesity and related complications are associated with numerous central abnormalities,involving brain shrinkage and neurotrophic function impairment,brain insulin resistance,brain oxidative stress,and brain leptin resistance,as well as dysfunctioned dopamine motivation and the reward system. Moreover,these brain dysfunctions are mediated by several peripheral factors,such as triglycerides/free fatty acids,proinflammatory cytokines,and corticosterone/glucocorticoid. On the other hand,metabolic disturbances correlated with emotional-cognitive disorders are evident,but the mechanisms remain obscure. Because of the drawbacks of animal models,the majority of researches focus on the impact of mental stress on the metabolism of lipid and glucose. The interrelationship between metabolic diseases and brain functions has become one of the hot spots for research. In this review,we mainly discussed the potential mechanisms underlying mood disorders and cognition impairment induced by obesity and related complications.

关 键 词：高脂饮食 代谢性疾病 抑郁症 阿尔茨海默病 

分 类 号：R589[医药卫生—内分泌] R749[医药卫生—内科学]