高温干旱季节不同遮阴水平对茶园生态环境的影响  

Effects of Different Shading Degrees on Eco-Environment of Tea Plantations during Hot Dry Season

作　　者：吴淑平 吕立哲 金开美 赵丰华 郑杰 党永超 蒋双丰 

机构地区：[1]信阳市农业科学院河南省茶叶工程技术研究中心,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2015年第11期115-118,共4页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23);河南省重大科技专项(131100110500)

摘　　要：以遮光率分别为70%,50%,30%的黑色遮阳网为试验材料,以不遮光（0%）为对照,研究高温干旱季节不同遮光处理对茶园生态环境的影响。结果表明,遮阴可有效改善茶园生态环境,且遮光率越高,效果越明显。与对照茶园相比,70%,50%,30%遮光率处理的茶园光合有效辐射明显降低,各处理的光合有效辐射大小依次为70%遮光率〈50%遮光率〈30%遮光率〈0%（CK）;茶树叶面的日平均温度均比对照茶园低3.4,2.6,1.3℃,茶树叶面≥35℃的不适高温出现频率减少了43.6%,38.0%和13.4%,≥39℃的有害高温出现频率减少了62.6%,47.5%和28.8%;遮阴茶园空气相对湿度高于对照茶园;70%和50%遮光率处理茶园不同土层土壤含水量均极显著高于对照茶园,30%遮光率处理茶园5～10 cm、15～20 cm、25～30 cm土层土壤含水量和对照茶园差异不显著。In order to analyze the effect of different shading treatments on the eco-environment of tea plantation during hot dry season, 70%,50%,30% and 0%（CK） black shading nets were designed. The results showed that shading improved the eco-environment of tea plantation, the effect were enhanced with increase in shading degree. In comparison with unshaded tea plantation, the photosynthetically active radiation of tea plantation under 70%, 50% and 30% shading treatments decreased significantly, and the photosynthetically active radiation of different treatments was in the order of 70%〈50%〈30%〈0%;the daily average air temperature of tea leaves surface decreased by 3.4,2.6 and 1.3 ℃; the frequency ≥35 ℃ dangerous high temperature of tea leaves surface decreased by43.6%,38.0% and 13.4%,the frequency ≥39 ℃ dangerous high temperature decreased by 62.6%,47.5% and28.8%;the relative air humidity of tea plantation increased;for 70% and 50% shading treatments, the soil water contents of different soil horizons were significantly higher than that of unshaded tea plantation, the soil water contents of 5 ～10 cm,15 ～20 cm and 25 ～30 cm soil horizons had no significant difference between 30% shading treatment and unshaded treatment.

关 键 词：高温干旱 遮阴 茶园 生态环境 光合有效辐射 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]