三甲医院中不同个体特征护士职业紧张的比较研究  

Comparative survey on the occupational stress for individual characteristic nurses in top three hospitals

作　　者：吕蒙[1] 关素珍[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2015年第11期1424-1426,1430,共4页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81260425)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同个体特征护士的职业紧张情况,为制定有效的职业紧张干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取新疆5家三甲医院各科室护土1 800名,进行一般人口学和职业紧张量表(OSI-R)的调查。结果本次调查有效回收问卷共1 585份。1 585名护士中,低、中、高度职业紧张分别占6.1%、47.1%、46.8%;不同民族、科室护士职业任务和个体紧张反应得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元分析发现:民族、婚姻状况、科室、业务紧张、娱乐休闲是护士职业紧张的主要影响因素。结论新疆三甲医院护士的职业紧张水平较高,护理管理者应在个人应对、组织应对及家庭和社会支持3个方面进行一定干预,降低职业紧张水平。Objective To investigate the status of occupational stress for the different individual characteristicto provide scientific evidence for formulating the effective interventions against occupational stress for nursing staffs.Methods Using cluster sampling method to select 1 800 nurses from departments of 5top three hospitals in Xinjiang to fill the general demographic questionnaire and occupational stress scale（OSIR）survey.Results 1 585 returning questionnaires were effective.Among them,low,medium and high degree of occupational stress accounted for 6.1%,47.1%and 46.8%respectively;the differences in occupational tasks and the individual stress response scores for nurses from different ethnic groups and departments were statistically significant（P 〈0.05）;and by multivariate analysis showing：ethnic,marital status,departments,workload and entertainment were the main factors affecting nurses occupational stress.Conclusion The occupational stress of nurses in top three hospitals in Xinjiang were high,thus the nursing administrators should conduct intervenes by all means in aspects of individual and organization responses,and family and social supports to suppress the level of occupational stress.

关 键 词：护士 职业紧张 健康影响 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]