海上丝绸之路:清代潮人的海上贸易  

Maritime Silk Road:Seaborne Trade of Chaoshan Merchants in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴二持[1] 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院学报编辑部,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2015年第5期47-54,共8页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

摘　　要：清以前潮商的海上贸易就有一定的基础。清初禁海时期,潮商的海上贸易活动也从未停止过。开放海禁后,起初官商先于民商而动,随后潮汕民间的海上贸易便迅速发展起来。清代潮商海上贸易的主要交通工具是红头船,他们运用红头船在东南亚与国内各口岸间交叉穿梭进行循环贸易。清代潮商海上贸易的重头戏是中暹贸易。清代潮汕海上贸易的主要港口埠市是庵埠与樟林。清代潮商的海上贸易有其独特的特点,他们敢于冒险,善于经营,多有神祇崇拜,并利用遍布各地的会馆来保护自己的利益。清代潮人的海上贸易形成潮汕商人独特的海上丝绸之路。清代潮汕由于有了这样的海上丝绸之路的贸易兴盛,港口口岸经济崛起,成为潮汕区域经济发展的重要动力,并带动地域性的各行各业,尤其是各类手工业的发展,较大程度地扩展了潮人的生存空间。Seaborne trade of Chaoshan merchants had acquired something of a foundation before Qing Dynasty and had not come to a stop even during the“maritime-forbidden”period. After the ban was lifted, ma?rine trade developed rapidly. The main shipping vessels were Redtop Boats, going in trade cycles on the run of ports of Southeastern Asia and domestic ports, with the China-to-Thailand route as the leading trade. In Cha?oshan area, the major ports of that time were Anbu and Zhanglin. The features of Chaoshan merchants were dar?ing and adventurous, adept at economic operation, believing in gods-worship, making use of guilds in different places to protect their self-interest, thus forming the unique Maritime Silk Road of their own. Also, because of the prosperity of the maritime trade, seaport economy emerged and developed to be the major impetus of the re?gional economic development, putting in motion various trades, handicraft of all types in particular, expanding the living existence of Chaoshan inhabitants to a great extent.

关 键 词：清代 潮商 海上丝绸之路 海上贸易 循环贸易 

分 类 号：F752.9[经济管理—国际贸易]