酸雨胁迫对毛竹叶片光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响  

Effect of Acid Rain Stress on Photosynthetic Rate and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters in Leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens

作　　者：王玉魁[1] 郭慧媛[1] 阎艳霞[1,2] 张汝民[3] 高岩[3] 温国胜[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心//浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心,河南郑州450003 [3]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第9期1425-1433,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家林业局948项目(2013-4-23);国家自然科学基金项目(30972397);浙江省科技计划项目(2012F20025)

摘　　要：为探讨酸雨胁迫下毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)色素含量变化及其对光合速率和叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响,试验模拟酸雨(SO42-∶NO3-=4∶1摩尔比),设定p H 2.5、4.0、5.6和6.9(CK),对毛竹3年生盆栽实苗进行处理,测定了叶片色素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素荧光动力学参数并进行分析。结果表明:p H 5.6酸雨处理增加了毛竹叶片中叶绿素a(Chl a)和类胡萝卜素(Car)含量,使得光合速率(Pn)升高;p H 4.0和p H 2.5处理使Chl a、Car、Chl a+b、Chl a/b降低,Pn下降;随着处理时间延长影响效果越明显,75 d时Pn与对照(CK)相比差异极显著。p H 4.0和p H 2.5处理使荧光诱导动力学曲线的IPJ点荧光强度出现不同程度降低,处理75 d时初始荧光(F0)降低11.73%和17.59%,峰值P点荧光(Fp)降低25.46%和31.41%,反应中心密度(RC/CSo)降低22.94%和26.22%,实际量子产额(Yield)下降20.41%和35.31%、光化学淬灭系数(q P)下降15.48%和19.42%,表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)下降22.02%和25.14%,非光化学淬灭系数(q N)上升23.16%和33.46%。p H 5.6处理使荧光强度升高,F0和Fp分别比CK增加30%和18.57%,q P和ETR上升8.38%和13.53%,q N下降17.65%。酸雨胁迫使毛竹叶片天线色素吸收能量(ABS/RC)、捕获能量(TRo/RC)和热耗散能量(DIo/RC)升高;以吸收光能为基础的性能指数(PIABS)、最大光化学效率(φPo)、电子传递量子产额(φEo)、电子传递效率(ψo)和电子传递能量(ETo/RC)降低。轻度酸雨处理促进毛竹叶片光合色素合成并提高Pn,重度酸雨胁迫下光合色素含量降低,Pn下降。荧光诱导动力学曲线OJIP曲线及JIP-test分析可作为快速检测毛竹在酸雨胁迫条件下生理响应机制的方法。In order to discuss the effect of acid rain stress on photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens, 3-year-old potted seedlings were tested for determination of leaves pigment content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic parameters by experiment simulation of acid rain (SO42-∶NO3-=4∶1 mole ratio) with pH 2.5, 4.0, 5.6, and 6.9 (CK). Results showed that content Chl a, Car and Pn in leaves increased with the treatment of pH 5.6 acid rain, while Chl a, Car, Ch a+b, Ch a/b and Pn decreased with the treatment of pH 4.0 and pH 2.5. The effect got more apparent as time processing and it was highly significant compared with Pn and CK after 75 d treatment. IPJ fluorescence intensity reduced in diffenent degree with the treatment of pH 4.0 and pH 2.5. When handling 75d , F0 reduced by 11.73%and 17.59%, Fp reduced by 25.46 and 31.41%, RC/CSo reduced by 22.94% and 26.22%, Yield reduced by 20.41% and 35.31%, qP reduced by 15.48% and 19.42%, ETR reduced by 22.02% and 25.14%,but qN increased 23.16% and 33.46%. pH 5.6 processing enabled fluorescence intensity rise, F0 and Fp increased by 30% and 18.57% than CK, qP and ETR increased by 8.38% and 13.53%, qN declined by 17.65%. The acid rain stress could rise ABS/RC, TRo/RC, TRo/RC and DIo/RC of bamboo leaf antenna pigment while drop PIABS,φPo,φEo,ψo and ETo/RC. Mild acid rain treatment promoted the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and improved Pn while severe acid rain stress reduced the content of photosynthetic pigments and decreased Pn. OJIP and JIP-test analysis can be used as rapid methods to test the physiological response mechanism of bamboo under acid rain stress.

关 键 词：酸雨胁迫 光合速率 叶绿素 荧光参数 毛竹 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]