北京油鸡蛋品质性状遗传参数的估计  

Genetic Parameter Estimation for Egg Quality Traits in Beijing You Chicken

作　　者：张剑[1] 初芹[1] 徐淑芳[1] 刘辉[1] 刘华贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《中国家禽》2015年第19期5-8,共4页China Poultry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31001004);北京市农林科学院公益院所评价项目;北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目;现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-42-Z02)

摘　　要：研究以纯种北京油鸡70个家系，686只个体为试验素材，在33周龄时分别针对鸡蛋卵磷脂（PC）、脑磷脂（PE）、粗脂肪（CV）和干物质含量（DM）等重要蛋品营养化学性状，以及蛋重（Ew）、蛋形指数（ESI）、蛋壳强度（ESS）、蛋壳颜色（ESC）、蛋白高度（AH）、哈氏单位（HU）、蛋黄颜色（YC）、蛋黄重（YW）、蛋黄蛋重比（Y：E％）、蛋白蛋重比例（A：E％）以及蛋黄蛋白比（Y：A％）等主要常规物理性状，采用动物模型和MTDFREML软件对蛋品质相关性状进行了遗传力（h。）和遗传相关（rA）估计。结果表明，DM、CF、PC和PE等营养化学指标属于中等遗传力（h^2=0．21～0．31）；在常规物理指标方面，只有Hu和AH属于低遗传力性状（h^2=0．11～0．13）；EW、ESC、YW、A：E％、Y：E％以及Y：A％等性状具有较高遗传力（h^2=O．52。0．69）；ESI、ESS、YC等属于中等遗传力性状（h。=0．23～0-31）。Y：A％、Y：E％与DM、CF高度遗传正相关（h=0．91—0．95），Y：A％、Y：E％与PC、PE呈中等水平的遗传正相关（r．---0．29—0．46）。由此可知，Y：A％、Y：E％可作为选择指标应用于鸡蛋营养品质的选择当中。Eggs were collected from 686 pure Beijing You hens that were random choosed from 70 pedigrees at33 weeks of age. All eggs layed in 24 hrs were used to measure egg physical and egg chemical quality traits. Egg chemical quality traits were composed of phosphatidylcholine（PC）,phosphatidylethanolamine（PE）,crude fat（CF）and dry matter（DM）,and the egg physical traits consisted of egg weight（EW）,eggshell index（ESI）,eggshell strength（ESS）,eggshell color（ESC）,albumen height（AH）,haugh units（HU）,yolk color（YC）,yolk weight（YW）,yolk to egg ratio（Y∶E%）,albumen to egg ratio（A∶E%）and yolk to albumen ratio（Y∶A%）. Genetic parameters of egg quality traits were estimated using MTDFREML software with animal model. The results showed that the heritability of chemical quality traits were moderate（h2=0.21~0.31）. The heritability of physical traits were high or moderate except HU and AH（h2=0.11~0.13）. Heritabilities of EW,ESC,YW,A∶E%,Y∶E% and Y∶A% were from 0.52 to 0.69,belonging to height heritabilities. As well as ESI,ESS,YC were from 0.23 to 0.31,belonging to moderate. The genetic correlations between Y∶A%,Y∶E% and DM,CF were high ranging from 0.91 to 0.95,whereas those for Y∶A%,Y∶E% and PC,PE traits were moderate,ranging from 0.29 to 0.46. It suggested that Y∶A%,Y∶E% could be used as indirect selected index to increase egg chemical quality traits.

关 键 词：北京油鸡 蛋品质 遗传参数 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]