审视历史:法雷尔《冲突》中的多维历史书写  

Examining History: On the Multidimensional Historical Writing of J. G. Farrell's Troubles

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作  者:王路晨[1] 王丽丽[1] 

机构地区:[1]福建师范大学外国语学院

出  处:《外国文学研究》2015年第5期130-140,共11页Foreign Literature Studies

摘  要:J·G·法雷尔的《冲突》自1970年出版以来就赢得广泛青睐,在2010年"失落的布克奖"评选中拔得头筹。评论界多把它置于"大房子"文学研究的框架下,有的研究者甚至认为《冲突》中的历史感不足,没有体现爱尔兰复杂的历史发展进程。本文认为此观点忽略了文字背后隐含的多维历史书写:法雷尔首先在情节中插入了书信与报纸,并以官方报道中的"大历史"与小说中主要人物亲身经历的"小历史"之间的碰撞与冲突,展现了不同历史书写之间的张力与悖论;其次,作者运用隐喻的手法描绘了英-爱阶级现实生活的场景,再现了英-爱冲突双方势力此消彼长的历史进程;最后,通过展现不同人物对特定历史事件的解读,静态的历史事件与动态的个人言说相互映照,融汇成一幅多维立体的历史画卷,不仅显示出作者对英-爱纷争历史的关注,也透析出他对20世纪中后期北爱尔兰陷入暴力循环怪圈的焦虑。J. G. Farrell's Troubles, the winner of the Lost Man Booker Prize, has gained great popularity since its publication in 1970. Most critics categorize Troubles into the framework of Big House novel. Some point out that the novel lacks a sense of history, because it does little to inform the reader about the complicated development of Irish history. However, this paper argues that these comments neglect the dynamics of multidimensional historical writing hidden in the text. First, Farrell inserts letters and cuttings of newspapers into the plot, so as to juxtapose the micro-history from the experience of the main characters with the macro-history formed by the official report as well as their conflicts and clashes, exhibiting the paradox and tension of different types of historical writing. Second, the writer employs metaphors to sketch the real Anglo-Irish social life and reflect the historical process of the ebb and flow of the Anglo-Irish forces in the decline of the Empire. Finally, through the diverse interpretations of different characters for certain historical events, the static historical events and dynamic personal discourses are contrasted and compared reciprocally, creating a multidimensional historical picture in Troubles, which shows Farrell's concern about the complicated history of Anglo-Irish War and his anxiety that Northern Ireland was caught in a haunting cycle of recurring violence in the mid to late part of the 20 th century.

关 键 词:法雷尔 《冲突》 隐喻 历史书写 

分 类 号:I562.074[文学—其他各国文学]

 

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