辽宁城乡医务人员组织公平感、职业风险及压力源与心理健康关系  

Associations of organization justice,occupational risk,and ocupational stress with mental health among medical saff in Liaoning povince

作　　者：李宁[1] 罗妍[1] 穆慧娟[1] 那军[1] 礼艳霞[1] 杨明[1] 于丽娅[1] 刘莉[1] 潘国伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制所,沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2015年第11期1377-1380,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：2011年辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2011225020)

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省医务人员心理健康的水平及其与组织公平感、职业风险、职业压力源之间的关系，为提高医务人员心理健康水平提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取辽宁省3946名医务人员为研究对象，利用简明心理健康状况问卷（K10）、组织公平感量表进行调查，采用分层线性回归等方法进行相关因素分析。结果辽宁省医务人员K10平均分为（20．24±0．13）分，城市、31～40岁组、硕士及以上学历、中级职称、收入水平贫困、工作类别为护士、在应急科室工作者K10评分较高；组织公平感量表中的程序公平为（2．62±1．01）分、分配公平为（3．01±1．14）分、领导公平为（2．15±0．79）分、信息公平为（2．45±1．04）分；职业压力源问卷平均分为（2．87±0．88）分；职业风险问卷平均分为（2．72±0．94）分；K10评分与组织公平各维度、职业压力、职业风险均呈正相关关系；多元分层回归显示，组织公平各维度对K10评分的解释力增加最多（16．21％），其次是职业风险和职业压力源（6．68％），而工作性质的解释力最低（2．31％）；分配公平和领导公平分与K10评分之间存在显著的正向影响作用（P〈0．001）。结论医疗卫生机构应尽量为医务人员提供一个相对公平的工作环境，以提高医务人员的心理健康状况。Objective To study influences of organization justice, occupational risk, and occupational stress on mental health and to provide evidences for improving mental health among medical staff. Methods With multi-stage strati- fied random cluster sampling,3 946 medical staff were recruited from hospitals and public health institutions of various administrative degrees in 3 cities and 3 counties with different economic development level in Liaoning province and in- vestigated with Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale（K10） and Organizational Justice Questionnaire. Linear regression was adopted in data analyses. Results The average K10 score for all the staff was 20. 24±0. 13 and the staff working in urban facilities, aged 31 -40 years, engaged in nursing service, working in emergency department, with higher education, and with lower economic condition had a higher K10 score. The average K10 score was positively correlated with organizational justice, occupational risk, and occupational stress significantly among the medical staff. Organization justice could explain 16. 21% of the variance in K10 score, followed by professional risk and pressure source （ 6. 68 % ） and the type of work showed the lowest explanatory power （2. 31% ）. The distribution and leadership justice showed positive influences on K10 score（P 〈0. 001 ）. Conclusion Distribution and leadership justice need to be promoted in medical and public health institutions to improve mental health among medical staff in the facilities.

关 键 词：医务人员 心理健康 组织公平感 职业压力 职业风险 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]