黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒在葫芦上的种传规律及热处理效果评价  

Seed transmission of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus on gourd and the evaluation of the effect of heat treatment

作　　者：宋顺华[1,2] 吴萍[1,2] 宫国义[1,2] 孟淑春[1] 耿丽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,农业部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室,北京100097 [2]北京京研益农科技发展中心,北京100097

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第5期841-847,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系北京市西甜瓜创新团队专项;北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20140111);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B07)

摘　　要：为明确黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV）在葫芦上的种传规律,以西瓜砧木葫芦种子为材料,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法（DAS-ELISA）、反转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）与生物学检测相结合的方法研究葫芦种子的带毒率和传毒率的关系,并评价了干热处理对病毒的钝化效果。结果表明,DAS-ELISA灵敏度检测种子时,在感染种子研磨液∶健康种子研磨液为1∶1 000时,带毒量仍能检测出阳性,RT-PCR和DAS-ELISA两种方法均能准确检测葫芦种子的带毒情况;6个批次的葫芦种子有4个批次呈阳性,带毒率在0-100%之间,贮藏1年后的传毒率在0-5.6%之间;4个为CGMMV阳性的种子批经干热处理后,仅1株实生苗呈阳性。研究表明,CGMMV在葫芦作物上的隐性带毒现象非常普遍;种子的带毒率高而传毒率低,以表面带毒为主,且非常稳定;72℃72 h干热处理葫芦种子能有效地钝化CGMMV。The relationship between the rate of seed contamination and seed-to-seedling transmission of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus（ CGMMV） on gourd seeds was studied and the effect of dry heat treatment on the virus passivation process was evaluated by using DAS-ELISA,RT-PCR and biological detection methods. The results showed that the sensitivity of DAS-ELISA detection was a ratio of 1 /1 000 of CGMMV infected / healthy seeds in the grinding fluid mixtures. Both DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR methods could accurately detect CGMMV from gourd seed soaking liquid. Among six batches of gourd seeds,four batches of seeds were positive,and the contamination rates were between 0- 100%. After one year of storage,the seed-to-seedling transmission rates were between 0- 5. 6%. Four batches of commercial gourd seeds infested with CGMMV were treated by dry heat treatment（ DHT）,only one seedling appeared positive. This study indicated that CGMMV hidden poison phenomenon was very common on the gourd crop. The transmission rate of gourd seed-to-seedling was low while the contamination rate was high,which indicated that the virus mainly distributed on the surface of the seeds and they were very stable. CGMMV could be effectively passivated on gourd seeds treated by DHT method at 72℃ for 72 h.

关 键 词：黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病 葫芦种子 带毒率 传毒率 干热处理 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]