土壤-气候、烟草品种及其互作和烟叶等级对烟叶致香物质质量分数的影响  

Effects of Soil-Climate Conditions,Tobacco Varieties and Their Interaction and Leaf Grade on the Contents of Aroma Components of Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：黄爱缨[1] 木志坚[2] 蒋珍茂[2] 黄韡[3] 查宏波 倪霞[3] 王强[2] 魏世强[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400716 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [3]云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第10期22-29,共8页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：云南省烟草专卖局(公司)资助项目(2010YN24;西南大学ZY2010-115);国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD15B04-003)

摘　　要：在云南昭通10个植烟生态区进行田间试验,以探讨土壤-气候、烟草品种及其互作和烟叶等级(部位)对烟叶中8类致香物质(酮类、醛类、醇类、酚类、酯/内酯类、酸类、杂环类和烯烃类)的影响.结果表明,昭通烟叶酮类和醛类质量分数相对较高,酚类、杂环类和烯烃类质量分数处于中等水平,醇类、酯/内酯类和酸类质量分数则相对较低.在不同土壤-气候和烟草品种条件下,各类致香物质质量分数的差异程度相对较低;但在不同烟叶等级下,各类致香物质质量分数差异均有统计学意义,且上、中部烟叶(B2F和C3F等级)中的质量分数明显高于下部(X2F)烟叶.土壤-气候、烟草品种及其互作和烟叶等级对昭通烟叶各类致香物质质量分数总变异的贡献率分别为15.6%,8.2%,11.5%和64.7%,可见烟叶等级(部位)对致香物质质量分数的综合影响最大,其他因素的影响则相对较弱.众多土壤-气候因素与烟叶致香物质质量分数有相关性,但其作用是次要的.相反,烟草不同部位致香物质的合成与代谢能力差异可能才是决定烟叶致香物质质量分数的主导因素.Field experiments were carried out in ten tobacco-planting eco-regions in Zhaotong of Yunnan Province to investigate the effects of soil and climate conditions,tobacco varieties and their interactions and leaf grades（leaf positions）on the contents of 8aroma substances（ketones,aldehydes,alcohols,phenols,esters/lactones,acids,heterocyclic compounds and alkenes）in the tobacco leaves.The tobacco leaves in Zhaotong were found to be characterized by relatively high contents of ketones and aldehydes,medium levels of phenols,heterocyclic compounds and alkenes,and relatively low values of alcohols,esters/lactones and acids.The contents of various aroma groups were significantly different among various leaf grades with the values of upper and middle leaves（B2Fand C3F）being higher than those of the lower leaves（X2F）.The relative contribution of soil-climate,tobacco variety,their interactions and leaf grades to the overall variation of all aroma component contents was 15.6%,8.2%,11.5% and 64.7%,respectively,which indicated that leaf grade was an important factor in regulating the contents of all aroma components in tobacco leaves.Many soil and climate factors were found to be related to the contents of aroma components,but their effects might be very limited.In contrast,the difference in synthetic and metabolic capability of aroma compounds among different stalk positions might play a critical role in regulating the contents of aroma components for tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：土壤-气候 烟草品种 烟叶等级 交互作用 致香物质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]