安徽省城乡孕妇膳食营养现况调查研究  

Cross-sectional investigation and study on dietary nutrition among urban and rural pregnant women in Anhui province

作　　者：张唯敏[1] 王晓琴[2] 博庆丽[2] 阮亮[2] 王红菊[3] 孙守标 高艳玲 王素芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省妇幼保健所,安徽合肥230061 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系 [3]安徽医科大学第一附属医院 [4]利辛县孙集镇卫生院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第32期5633-5636,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心合生元母婴营养与健康研究项目〔2012FY011〕

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省孕妇膳食营养状况，为改善孕妇的膳食营养提供理论依据。方法选取2013年城乡204名孕中期妇女为研究对象，采用2—24h膳食称重法进行膳食调查，获得孕妇平均每日摄入的普通食物、强化食品及营养素补充剂的总量，并以中国营养学会推荐的膳食营养素参考摄入量（DRIs）为依据，评价城乡孕妇能量和各种营养素的摄入情况。结果城市孕妇豆类、奶制品的摄入量低于推荐量的人数比例在80．0％以上；农村孕妇蔬菜、水果、豆类、奶类和海产品类食物的摄入量均低于推荐量，其中蔬菜、水果的摄入量低于推荐量的比例在70．0％以上，豆类、奶类和海产品类食物摄入不足率达90．0％以上。城市孕妇各类营养素摄入水平达到了推荐摄入量；而农村孕妇主要营养素摄入不足，其中61．3％的农村孕妇锌摄入不足，钙、铁的摄入不足率达85．0％以上，维生素B1和维生素C的摄入不足率在70．0％以上，维生素A、维生素B2的摄入不足率达80．0％以上。结论安徽省城乡孕妇膳食构成不合理，农村孕妇主要营养素缺乏问题突出，膳食营养状况有待改善。Objective To understand the dietary nutrition status of pregnant women in Anhui province, provide theoretical basis for improving dietary nutrition of pregnant women. Methods A total of 204 rural and urban women during the second trimester of pregnancy were selected as study objects in 2013, 24-hour dietary weight method for two days was used to conduct dietary survey, the total amounts of daily intakes of traditional foods, fortified foods, and nutrient supplements were obtained, the dietary reference intakes （DRIs） recommend by Chinese Nutrition Society was used as the criterion to evaluate the levels of energy and nutrients intakes among pregnant women. Results The intakes of soy foods and dairy products among urban pregnant women were lower than DRIs; more than 80. 0% of the urban pregnant women were found with lower intakes of soy foods and dairy products compared with DRIs ; the intakes of vegetables, fruits, soy foods, dairy products, and sea-foods among rural pregnant women were lower than DRIs, and more than 70. 0% of the rural pregnant women were found with lower intakes of vegetables and fruits compared with DRIs, more than 90. 0% of the rural pregnant women were found with lower intakes of soy foods, dairy products, and sea-foods compared with DRIs. The intakes of various nutrients among urban pregnant women reached DRIs. The intakes of main nutrients among rural pregnant women were deficient, the incidence rate of zinc deficiency was 61.3%, the inci- dence rate of calcium and iron deficiency was more than 85.0%, the incidence rate of vitamin B, and vitamin C deficiency was more than 70. 0%, the incidence rate of vitamin A and vitamin B2 was more than 80. 0%. Conclusion The dietary pattern of rural and urban pregnant women in Anhui province is not rational, and main nutrients intakes among the rural pregnant women are insufficient, the dietary nutritional status of the pregnant women need to be improved.

关 键 词：孕妇 膳食营养 称重法 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]