单一与复合砷锑处理对波士顿蕨富集与转化砷和锑的作用  

Effects of single-and co-treatment of arsenic and antimony on the accumulation and transformation of the two elements in Boston fern

作　　者：王晓丽[1,2] 杨芬[1,3] 韦朝阳[1] 涂书新[2] 刘金鑫[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所"陆地表层格局与模拟"院重点实验室,北京100101 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第11期3198-3204,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971264;10979052)资助

摘　　要：通过水培试验,研究了单一和复合砷锑处理对波士顿蕨(Nephrolepis exaltata L.)植株各部位及其亚细胞砷锑富集和形态转化的影响,以期查明植物体内砷与锑之间可能的相互作用。结果表明,与对照组相比,单一和复合处理条件下,波士顿蕨各部位砷锑含量均有显著的增加,砷含量表现为根>叶柄>羽叶,锑含量表现为根>羽叶>叶柄。与20 mg·L-1单一Sb(III)处理相比,复合处理条件下,随着砷的同时加入(10 mg·L-1As)植株各部位锑含量出现下降,同时根部细胞器中的锑出现向细胞壁与胞液转移、而羽叶与叶柄出现由细胞壁向其他两个亚细胞组分转化的现象;与10 mg·L-1单一As(III)处理相比,复合处理条件下,锑的加入(20 mg·L-1Sb)显著降低了波士顿蕨各部位砷的含量,同时促进了根部细胞壁中的砷向胞液与细胞器转移,以及羽叶与叶柄胞液处砷向细胞壁与细胞器的转移。因此,波士顿蕨体内,砷锑之间具有拮抗作用。单一As(III)处理下,波士顿蕨根部以As(V)为主、羽叶主要以DMA为主,而Sb(III)的同时加入则能够促进As(III)更多地向As(V)和DMA转化;单一Sb(III)处理下,波士顿蕨体内以Sb(III)为主导形态,随着As(III)的同时加入,在波士顿蕨根与叶柄处,As(III)强烈地抑制Sb(III)向Sb(V)转化,相反在羽叶处却会促进Sb(III)向Sb(V)转化。This study was conducted to explore the single and interactive effects of arsenic （As） and antimony （Sb） on the accumulation and transformation of As and Sb in Boston fern （ Nephro- lepis exaltata L. ） at tissue and sub-cellular levels. The results indicated that both single and co- treatment of As and Sb decreased the biomass of Boston fern, while increased the concentrations of As and Sb in the fern plant, as compared with the control. Arsenic and Sb concentrations in fern tissues were in the order of roots 〉 leafstalks 〉 leaflets and roots 〉 leaflets 〉 leafstalks, re- spectively. The As or Sb concentrations in various tissues of Boston fern under co-treatments were lower than those under single treatments, suggesting the existence of antagonism between As and Sb in Boston fern. Subcellular distributions of both elements were also determined. Under co- treatments, As in roots could be impelled from cell wall to cytosol and organelle, while in both leaflets and leafstalks it was from cytosol to cell wall and organelle. Meanwhile, Sb in roots could be stimulated from organelle to cytosol and cell wall, while in leaflets and leafstalks it was from cell wall to cytosol and organelle. When only As （Ⅲ） was added, As （Ⅴ） dominated in the roots and DMA prevailed in the leaflets, while the co-addition of Sb （Ⅲ） promoted more As （Ⅲ） to be transformed to As（Ⅴ） and DMA. When only Sb （Ⅲ） was added, Sb（Ⅲ） predominated in vari- ous tissues of Boston fern, while co-addition of As （Ⅲ） intensively inhibited the transformation of Sb（Ⅲ） in the roots and leafstalks, whereas in the leaflets As （Ⅲ） promoted the transformation of Sb （Ⅲ） to Sb （Ⅴ）.

关 键 词：富集 形态转化 亚细胞分布 锑 砷 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]