信号倒计时装置的交通影响分析及其展望  

Impact Analysis and Prospect of Traffic Signal Countdown Display

作　　者：杨小宝[1] 王可飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学城市交通复杂系统理论与技术教育部重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《综合运输》2015年第10期61-67,共7页China Transportation Review

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB725400);国家自然科学基金(71131001);北京高等学校青年英才计划项目(YETP0554);北京交通大学基本科研业务费(2015JBM054)

摘　　要：倒计时钟作为一种先进的交通信号控制装置,它不仅能提供普通信号灯传递的是否具有通行权的信息,而且还能给交通参与者及时传递将获得或者失去通行权的剩余时间信息。本文介绍了倒计时信号灯的定义、作用、主要类型及其主要研究方法。详细分析了倒计时信号对交叉口交通行为、交通安全及通行效率的影响,研究中具体观测分析的参数包括早启动、晚停止、启动延误、困境区域、闯红灯率、通行速度、排队消散车头时距、闯红灯数量、碰撞事故数等。最后总结得出目前倒计时信号控制效果仍存在一定争议,并指出研究方法上基于驾驶模拟器的实验法将会得到重视,研究内容上结合我国交通实情,倒计时对非机动车的影响分析有待加强。Countdown display is an advanced control device of traffic signal. It can give the information including both traffic priority as a traditional signal light and the remaining time that people will obtain or lose the priority. This study introduces the definition, function, types and main research methods of countdown display. It investigates in detail the effects of countdown display on the behaviors, intersection safety and efficiency. Several parameters including late-stopping ratio, early start ratio, start-up delay, sdilemma zone, passing speed, discharge headway, red- light violations and crash number are observed and analyzed. It is concluded that there has always been a dispute about the effect of countdown display. It is noted that the laboratory study with driving simulator will be got more attention. Based on Chinese traffic circumstance, the effects of countdown display on non-motorized vehicles should be enhanced.

关 键 词：倒计时信号灯 交通影响分析 机动车 行人 非机动车 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]