钝体倾斜和垂直冲击入水时引起的超空泡流动特性实验研究  

Experimental study of supercavitating flows induced by oblique and vertical water entry of blunt bodies

作　　者：施红辉[1] 胡青青[1] 陈波[1] 贾会霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2015年第5期617-624,共8页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ13A020005;LQ13A020006;Z1110123)

摘　　要：对4种不同头型的钝体、以不同初始速度在小倾斜角度和垂直状态下入水,所产生的空泡流进行了的实验观察,分析了不同工况下空泡产生和发展的特性。实验结果表明:对于倾斜入水及垂直入水,圆台头和平头(即空化器均为圆盘)实验体均能形成较稳定的入水弹道;初始入水速度较低时,空泡的闭合方式为深闭合;初始入水速度较高时,空泡的闭合方式为表面闭合,且运动速度衰减得更快。测量得知,钝体倾斜入水产生的空泡的前部外形轮廓与Logvinovich的半经验公式给出的结果相吻合。在垂直入水的情况下,调查了物体头部对空泡的起始点位置及其形态的影响。Small-angle oblique and vertical water entry experiments were carried out to observe the su- percavitation generated by the blunt bodies with different initial velocities. The development features of the supercavitation in different cases were analyzed. Experimental results show that for small-angle oblique and vertical water entry, the the round-head and flat-head （disc cavitator） blunt bodies can form stable trajectories. When the initial water-entry velocity is lower, the closure mode of the cavity is deep closure. When the initial water-entry velocity is higher, the closure mode of the cavity is sur- face closure, and its speed decay rate is larger. For the supercavity generated by the small-angle ob- lique water entry of the blunt bodies, the front part of the supercavity contour is in agreement with the result by G.V. Logvinovich＇s semi-empirical formula. For the vertical water entry of the blunt bodies, the influences of the head shapes were discussed on the beginning points and morphologies of the supercavities.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 空泡形态 倾斜入水 钝体 速度 自由液面 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]