2005-2014年献血者ABO血型初筛检测错误的调查与分析  

Analysis of errors in pre-donation ABO blood type during initial screening from 2005 to 2014

作　　者：郭东辉[1] 刘衍春[1] 王静[1] 周春[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血液中心,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第10期1275-1277,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的分析无偿献血者献血前血型初筛检测错误的原因,提出改进措施,降低差错率。方法采用回顾性调查的方法对本中心2004年10月-2014年9月共计全血献血者569 544人次进行ABO血型初筛错型统计;采用SPSS统计软件对相关的因素进行分析。结果 10年间共有血型初筛检测错误的标本584份,总错误率为0.10%,其中AB型初筛错误率高于其它3种血型。街头固定采血点的献血者献血前血型初筛检测错误率为0.05%,低于团体流动采血车(0.18%)的错型率;2012年后的近3年,血型初筛检测错误率低于过去7年。结论加强工作人员的业务培训和责任心教育;规范操作流程、加强过程检查;规范试剂、血型纸板等的保存,减少污染;改善献血环境,合理安排献血者与工作人员的配比,可有效降低献血前血型初筛检测的错误率。Objective To analyze the prevalence of and reason for ABO blood type screening error before donation and to undertake improvement measures to lower the error rate. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on ABO blood type screening data from a total of 569 544 whole blood donations from October 2004 to September 2014 in Jiangsu Blood Center and was analyzed by SPSS. Results From 2005 to 2014, the rate of error in initial screening of ABO blood types numbered around 584 （or 0. 10% of blood donors）. The error rate of AB blood type was higher than that of other three types. The error rate of initial screening conducted in fixed blood collection sites was 0. 05%, which was lower than that con- ducted in mobile blood collection vehicles （0. 18% ）. The error rates after 2012 were lower than those in the first seven years. Conclusion The results explains the cause of errors in ABO blood types. To minimize errors, possible improvements include strengthening professional training and education on responsibility, standardizing the operation process, preserving reagents and testing cardboard, reducing waste, and arranging an appropriate number of staffs at each blood collection site.

关 键 词：无偿献血 血型 初筛检测 错误率 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]