明清晋徽商帮组织劳动关系特性及借鉴意义  

On the Labor Relations of Jin and Hui Merchant Organization in Ming and Qing Dynasty

作　　者：李宝元[1] 仇勇[1] 蔡宏波[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2015年第11期31-37,共7页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD094)

摘　　要：明清时期晋徽商帮组织的劳动关系实质为:在商号的货物贩运贸易或钱庄典当生意活动中,财东(资方—管理者)和掌柜伙计(劳方—员工)这两个群体之间,在纵向隶属晋级与横向利益协调中所形成的繁复的宗法族亲关系。这一特殊的劳动关系缔结模式在现实商业运行过程中具有特殊的"非对称稳定性",突出表现为帮会组织的管控虽然强势,但仍不失人性化,随之换来的是雇员可贵的高忠诚度、高归属感以及低流动率。此外,从劳动关系调控管理的视角看,明清晋徽商帮组织劳动关系的契约化制度规范性凸显,在管理策略上兼顾了长短期和内外在激励的平衡,在管理手段上强调了多样化和软硬兼施,这对于当前中国"和谐劳动关系"的构建具有极为重要的现实借鉴意义。The labor relations of Jin and Hui Merchant organization in Ming and Qing dynasty always presented as the patriarchal and clan relationship,focusing on the good trades or pawn business activities in the process of line management and horizontal interest coordination between the owner and shopkeeper,which had typical and unbelievable 'asymmetric stability '. Ruled by the merchant organization with carrot and stick,the employees performed strong sense of belonging and loyalty,which yielded a low turnover rate. The control and management of the labor relation of Jin and Hui merchant organization was highly organized based on the contract system,which also considerate to both long-short orientation and internal-external motivation and constraint mechanism,in addition to the diverse management strategy. It has great referential significance on current policy and practices.

关 键 词：劳动关系 晋徽商帮 顶身股制 

分 类 号：C973[经济管理—劳动经济]