慢性间歇性缺氧大鼠呼吸道组织病理形态学改变  

Pathological changes of upper and lower respiratory tissue in rats with chronic intermittent hypoxia

作　　者：葛丽荞[1] 明婷[2] 侯瑾[3] 闫静[3] 赵琳[1] 巩楠[1] 蒋晋安 王翡[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安医学院第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,710077 [2]西安医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,710077 [3]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2015年第11期939-943,共5页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2013JC2-22）;陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目（12JK0759）

摘　　要：目的研究慢性间歇性缺氧大鼠上、下呼吸道组织病理形态学改变。方法40只雌性sD大鼠，采用随机数字表法分为两组，缺氧组SD大鼠（20只）在自动控制间歇性缺氧试验箱饲养；对照组（20只）正常喂养、不加处理，均饲养35d，饲养周期结束后，取大鼠软腭、气管、肺组织，常规苏木精．伊红（HE）染色。结果慢性间歇性缺氧可导致大鼠上、下呼吸道均发生不可逆转变。缺氧组软腭固有层和黏膜下层厚度（125．85±6．34）μm，对照组（57．26±4．67）μm，差异有统计学意义（t=36．330，P〈0．01）；缺氧组气管软骨环缺如处软组织厚度（21．85±1．67）μm，对照组（13．26±0．73）μm，差异有统计学意义（t=20．749，P〈0．01）；缺氧组肺泡间隔厚度（2．15±0．49）μm，对照组（0．45±0．12）μm，差异有统计学意义（t=14．132，P〈0．01）。结论本研究从病理学角度证实长期低氧会造成大鼠上、下呼吸道均发生明显的组织重构，影响其功能的正常运转，所以对于OSAHS患者，建议早期干预，防止呼吸系统发生不可逆病变而延误病情。Objective To investigate the pathological changes of chronic intermittent hypoxia on upper and lower respiratory tissue in experimental rats. Methods A total of 40 female SD rats were divided into 2 groups. Twenty rats were fed in normal state （control group ）, and 20 rats were fed in hypoxia envirenment（ hypoxia group）. The pathological changes of upper and lower respiratory tissue were observed under optical microscope. Results Chronic intermittent hypoxia resulted in irreversible changes both at upper and lower respiratory tract in rats. The thickness of the lamina propria in soft palate was significantly increased in hypoxia group （ 125.85 ± 6.34） μm vs. （ 57.26 ± 4.67 ） μm （ t = 36. 330, P 〈 0.01 ）. Lung pathological examination in hypoxia group showed pulmonary interval thickening（ 2.15 ± 0.49 ） μm vs. （0.45± 0.12） μm（ t = 14. 132 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions This study confirmed that long-term hypoxia can lead to organization reconstruction in upper and lower respiratory tract in rats. In OSAHS patients, it is suggested that earlier intervention could alliviate the pathological changes in respiratory system.

关 键 词：缺氧 病理状态 解剖学 睡眠呼吸暂停 阻塞性 呼吸系统 

分 类 号：R766[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]