近20年荒漠化土地动态变化特征分析——以锡林郭勒盟为例  

The dynamic change characteristics of land desertification in recent 20 years taking Xilinguole League as case study

作　　者：李雨薇[1] 李春兰[2] 刘静[1] 银山[3,4] 包玉海[4] 包慧娟[3] 阿拉腾图娅[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [3]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [4]内蒙古师范大学遥感与地理信息重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第5期1-6,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013DAK05B01);国家自然科学基金地区联合资助重点项目(41161060);内蒙古师范高层次人才和科研启动经费资助的项目(YJRC12054);内蒙古自治区自然基金(2013ZD08);内蒙古师范大学重大项目培育专项(2013ZDPY04);内蒙古牧区重大干旱灾害风险评估与应对技术研究(20130430);内蒙古牧区重大气象灾害风险预警与应急管理关键技术研究(2013MS0601)

摘　　要：在遥感和地理信息系统技术、野外调查和实地记录等方法相结合的基础上,分析了锡林郭勒盟荒漠化土地动态变化规律,以揭示近20年锡林郭勒盟荒漠化的规律,为锡林郭勒盟荒漠化防灾减灾工作提供依据。研究结果表明：（1）锡林郭勒盟1990~2010年荒漠化面积呈减小趋势,其中以中度荒漠化为主,轻度荒漠化呈减少-增加-减少的趋势;中度荒漠化呈减少趋势;重度和极重度荒漠化呈现增加-减少趋势,但前者减少的更多,情况趋于好转。（2）锡林郭勒盟荒漠化程度存在明显的区域性,从西南到东北荒漠化程度呈现由高到低的变化特征,东北部部分地区出现恶化现象,东乌珠穆沁旗中部的水域明显变为极重度荒漠化。西南部恶化现象严重,苏尼特左旗、二连浩特市和苏尼特右旗的轻度荒漠化明显变为中度荒漠化。（3）1990~2010年锡林郭勒盟荒漠化面积呈减少趋势,水域面积呈减少趋势,居民工矿用地呈增加趋势。In this study,the dynamic change of the desertification in Xilinguole League was analyzed using remote sensing and GIS,combined with field investigation and on the spot investigation to provide references for the Xilinguole League desertification disaster prevention and mitigation. The results showed that：（ 1） The desertification area of Xilinguole League from 1990 to 2010 showed a decreasing trend and the moderate desertification was the dominate. Light desertification area decreased firstly,then increased,at last decreased again; moderate desertification area decreased firstly and then increased,severe desertification and very severe desertification increased first and then decreased,but the latter reduced more and made the environment better.（ 2） The desertification degree in Xilinguole League had obvious spatial variation characteristics. Desertification degree was changing from high to low at from southwest to northeast,some region of north-eastern part deteriorated seriously,such as the waters in the middle of East Ujimqin became very severe desertification. Some regions in southwest such as Sonid Left Banner,Erenhot City and Sonid Right Banner the light desertification area was changed into moderate desertification.（ 3）In Xilinguole League from 1990 to 2010,the desertification area reduced apparently and the waters area had a trend of reducing,while the residents and the mining land area showed an increasing trend.

关 键 词：荒漠化土地 锡林郭勒盟 动态变化 

分 类 号：S158.1[农业科学—土壤学]