包膜缓释尿素与普通尿素配施对双季超级稻产量及氮肥利用的影响  

Effects of the different mixture rates of coated slow- release urea and prilled urea on the growth of double-cropping super rice and the utilizing rate of nitrogen

作　　者：钱银飞[1] 邵彩虹[1] 邱才飞[1] 陈先茂[1] 谢江[1] 邓国强[1] 陈大洲[2] 童金炳 伍守恒 彭春瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330200 [2]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,江西南昌330200 [3]江西省南昌市国营恒湖综合垦殖场,江西南昌330100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第5期27-32,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD15B03,2011 BAD16 B04,2013BAD07B12);江西省优势科技创新团队计划项目(20113BCB24014);江西省青年科学基金(20132BAB214012);江西省“赣鄱英才555工程”领军人才培养计划(双季稻清洁生产关键技术研究与集成示范)

摘　　要：以双季超级稻为材料,研究了不同包膜缓释尿素与普通尿素配施组合对其产量和氮肥利用等生物学性状的影响,结果表明:在全氮(早稻180 kg·hm-2,晚稻225 kg·hm-2)模式下,与全施普通尿素处理相比,全施包膜缓释尿素的处理双季超级稻的穗数降低,但每穗粒数和结实率显著提高,最终提高产量,提高了氮肥利用效率;节氮模式(早稻144 kg·hm-2,晚稻180 kg·hm-2)下,不同比例包膜缓释尿素与普通尿素组合的产量和氮肥利用效率均显著高于全氮模式;3种配比组合中以包膜缓释尿素∶普通尿素=3∶7组合的产量最高,氮肥吸收利用程度最高,应用效果最好。An experiment was carried out in the paddy field to compare the effects of the different mixture rates of the coated slow-release urea and prilled urea on the biological characteristics of the double cropping super rice and the nitrogen utilization efficiency. The results showed that in the full nitrogen applied rate（ 180 kg · hm- 2for early rice,225 kg · hm- 2for late rice） modes,the panicles of double cropping super rice of the treatment with the coated slow-release urea was less than the treatment of the prilled urea,while the glumes flowers and the grain filled rate were higher than the treatment of the prilled urea,and resulted in higher grain yield and the nitrogen utilization efficiency. The yield and the nitrogen utilization efficiency of the three mixed proportion of nitrogen-saving modes（ 144 kg·hm- 2for early rice,180 kg·hm- 2for late rice） were higher than the full nitrogen modes significantly. The grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency got the highest with 3∶ 7 proportion of the coated slow-release urea and the prilled urea during the whole modes and was most suitable for application in the south double cropping rice area.

关 键 词：双季超级稻 包膜缓释尿素 产量 氮素吸收利用 

分 类 号：S511.42[农业科学—作物学]