小麦-近缘物种染色体系的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及白粉病抗性  

High Molecular Weight Glutenin Composition and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Wheat-alien Chromosome Lines

作　　者：韩冉[1] 隋新霞[1] 杨洪美[1] 宫文英[1] 李根英[1] 楚秀生[1] 刘成[1] 刘建军[1] 赵振东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所/农业部黄淮北部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/小麦玉米国家工程实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2015年第11期1494-1501,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31201203);中国博士后基金项目(2013T60850);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-1-8);山东农科院青年拔尖人才计划项目(1-18-024);泰山学者种业计划和山东省自主创新重大关键技术项目(1-5-12)

摘　　要：为了挖掘小麦近缘物种的高分子量麦谷蛋白新亚基和抗白粉病基因新类型,以小麦品种中国春和Alcedo(来自德国)为对照,对133份小麦-近缘物种染色体系进行了高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)分析和白粉病抗性调查。HMW-GS分析发现,25份材料与对照小麦的HMW-GS类型不同,其中,含外源染色体HMW-GS的有16份;亲本部分HMW-GS发生沉默的有2份;含外源染色体HMW-GS且亲本的部分HMW-GS发生沉默的有7份。在含外源HMW-GS的材料中,73.9%的HMW-GS来自于小麦近缘物种第1同源染色体,17.4%的HMW-GS来自第2、3和5同源染色体。白粉病抗性调查显示,尾状山羊草E#1、两芒山羊草2Mbi#1、沙融山羊草4Ssh#8、高大山羊草6Sl#3和簇毛麦5V#3S染色体上可能含有抗小麦白粉病新基因,值得进一步向小麦转育。本研究发现的新HMW-GS和潜在抗小麦白粉病新基因为利用这些资源进行小麦抗病育种与品质改良打下了坚实的基础。In order to explore novel high molecular weight glutenin subunits（HMW-GS）and potential novel powdery mildew resistance gene（s）from wheat alien species,the composition of HMW-GS and powdery mildew resistance of 133 wheat-alien chromosome lines were analyzed.HMW-GS in 25wheat-alien chromosome lines were different from those of wheat controls.Among these lines,16 lines carried exogenous HMW-GS,and 2lines had partial HMW-GS silenced.Totally 7lines had wheat HMW-GS silenced and exogenous HMW-GS simultaneously.Among the materials with exogenous HMW-GS,73.9% were derived from homologous group 1of wheat wild relative chromosomes,and17.4% were derived from chromosome homologous groups 2,3and 5.Powdery mildew resistance investigation showed that Aegilops caudata E#1,Ae.biuncialis 2Mbi#1,Ae.sharonensis 4Ssh#8,Ae.longissima6Sl#3and Dasypyrum villosum 5V#3Schromosomes might carry new powdery mildewresistance gene（s）which are worth to be transferred into wheat varieties through chromosome engineering.New HMW-GS and potential new powdery mildew resistance gene（s）explored from wheat alien species by the current research could be used in wheat breeding program in the future.

关 键 词：小麦育种 近缘物种染色体系 高分子谷蛋白亚基 白粉病 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330