上海市长宁区居民食物频率法膳食调查  

Investigation and analysis on dietary by food frequency questionnaire in Changing district Shanghai

作　　者：周方家[1] 夏庆华[1] 周鹏[1] 姜玉[1] 李玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心,上海200051

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第22期4071-4073,4093,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解长宁区居民膳食情况,为慢病防治提供依据。方法采用PPS抽样,抽取长宁区15岁及以上常住居民3 036人进行问卷调查。结果长宁区15岁以上居民奶类、水产类、新鲜蔬菜和水果摄入不足,平均摄入量分别为114 g/d、271 g/d和130 g/d。禽肉类的摄入量为83.79 g/d,高于推荐摄入量,而水产类则未达到推荐摄入量,为44.44 g/d,45岁以下人群豆类平均摄入量普遍未达到膳食推荐摄入量(30 g/d)。男性谷薯类(t=27.10,P<0.01)、禽肉类(t=8.35,P<0.01)以及果汁(t=10.69,P<0.01)和碳酸饮料(t=24.47,P<0.01)的摄入量明显高于女性,女性新鲜水果的摄入量明显高于男性(t=4.99,P<0.01)。各年龄段人群谷薯类(F=5.77,P<0.01)、蛋类(F=3.42,P<0.01)、奶制品(F=8.48,P<0.01)、豆类(F=4.47,P<0.01)、禽肉类(F=5.74,P<0.01)、水产类(F=3.76,P<0.01)、蔬菜类(F=3.57,P<0.01)、碳酸饮料(F=59.21,P<0.01)和果汁(F=28.73,P<0.01)摄入量均存在年龄差异。结论长宁区居民膳食营养摄入情况不尽合理,各类食物摄入量性别和年龄差异明显,需有针对性的加强营养干预。Objective The aim of this study was to study the diet condition among residents in Changning district, in order to provide a basis for chronic disease prevention and control. Methods Three thousand and thirty-six residents aged over 15 years old were selected by probability-proportional-to-size sampling in Changning district. Interviews were carried out. Results The average intake of milk, aquatic products, fresh vegetables and fruits were 114g/d, 271g/d and 130g/d in Changning district among the residents over the age of 15. Poultry intake was 83.79g/d, which was higher than the recommended intake. And aquatic products intake did not reached the recommended intake of 44.44g/d. On average, the beans intake for the residents over 45 years old generally did not achieve dietary recommended intake of 30g/d. For male, valley potato（t=27.10, P〈0.01）, poultry（t=8.35, P〈0.01）,fruit juice（t=10.69, P〈0.01） and carbonated drinks（t=24.47, P〈0.01） intakes were significantly higher than that for female. For female, fresh fruit intake was significantly higher than that for male（t=4.99, P〈0.01）. For all ages, valley potato（F=5.77, P〈0.01）,eggs（F=3.42, P〈0.01）, dairy products（F=8.48, P〈0.01）, beans（F=4.47, P〈0.01）, poultry（F=5.74, P〈0.01）, fisheries（F=3.76, P〈0.01）, vegetables（F=3.57, P〈0.01）, carbonated drinks（F=59.21, P〈0.01） and fruit juice（F=28.73, P〈0.01） intakes were different.Conclusion The nutrition intake among residents in Changning district was not reasonable. The gender and age were significantly different for all kinds of food intake, so it should be targeted to strengthen nutritional intervention.

关 键 词：食物频率法 膳食调查和分析 慢性病 营养干预 

分 类 号：R154[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]