南疆棉区棉花黄萎病发生趋势和品种抗病研究  

Occurrence Trend,Resistance Status and Proposal on Cotton Verticillium wilt in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：李国英[1,2] 杜树春 李子 岳永亮[1] 任毓忠[1,2] 张莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]石大惠农科技开发公司,新疆石河子832003 [3]第一师农业技术推广站,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第9期1640-1647,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部中小企业技术创新基金项目(14C26216513812);石河子科技局项目(2012NY04)~~

摘　　要：【目的】了解近年来南疆棉区黄萎病扩展动态、病菌致病类型和致病性分化及品种抗病性检测情况。【方法】以阿克苏地区第一师棉区为代表,采用一般普查的方法,对南疆棉区棉花黄萎病的发病情况进行普查;以不同时期在南疆棉区重病田采集病样,采用常规组织分离法对病组织进行分离、纯化获得单孢纯培养菌株,采用常规培养、致病性鉴定和分子生物学的方法,明确不同时期南疆棉区病原种群致病类型和致病性强弱的变化动态;以常规病圃鉴定法了解当前选育品种或材料对黄萎病的抗感情况。【结果】南疆棉花黄萎病的扩展速度很快,病菌的致病类型和致病性都有明显变化,目前培育的品种或材料多不抗病和耐病,远远不能满足生产的需要。【结论】南疆棉区黄萎病的迅速扩展、落叶型黄萎病较多出现,病菌致病性明显增强和早熟、优质、抗耐病品种不足是南疆棉区黄萎病迅速扩展并加重的主要原因之一。【Objective】The aim of project is to review disease occurrence trend,pathogenicity types and pathogenicity differentiation dynamic of Verticillium dahliae and host resistance to cotton Verticillium wilt in Southern Xinjiang in recent years.【Method】Incidence of cotton verticillium wilt was investigated in Southern Xinjiang,which was represented by the 1th agricultural division of Aksu. Pathogens were isolated and purified from different field cotton Verticillium wilt diseased plants. Pathogenicity types and pathogenicity differentiation dynamic of Verticillium dahlia were explored based on morphology,pathogenicity characteristic and molecular biological methods. Cotton materials resistance planted in Verticillium wilt garden was evaluated【Result】The cotton Verticillium wilt was rapidly spreading,frequency of defoliation type and high pathogenicity of strains Verticillium dahliae had signally increased in the southern Xinjiang,and at present cotton cultivars or materials had not resistance to Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang.【Conclusion】These were the main reasons of rapid spread and increasing of Verticillium wilt in Southern Xinjiang cotton field.

关 键 词：黄萎病 扩展动态 致病类型 致病性变异 品种抗病性 

分 类 号：S435.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]