稻谷粮堆表层害虫活动和发展规律初探  

A primary study about the activity and development regularity of pests on the surface of grain bulk

作　　者：齐艳梅[1] 伍祎[2,3] 汪中明[2] 李燕羽[2] 张振军[2] 潘德蓉 何睿 张涛[2,3] 田琳[2] 贺培欢[2] 曹阳 江亚杰[1] 董震 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院河南粮食作物协同创新中心粮食储藏安全河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州450001 [2]国家粮食局科学研究院粮食储运国家工程实验室,北京100037 [3]中国农业大学,北京100193 [4]南宁市储备粮管理有限责任公司沙井粮库,广西南宁530031 [5]广东湛江北站国家粮食储备中转库,广东湛江524043

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2015年第6期105-110,共6页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：国家国际科技合作项目(2013DFA31960);我国粮库主要储粮害虫种类调查方法研究(ZX1408);储粮害虫和真菌检测模型及真菌危害在线监测仪器开发(2013BAD17B04-3)

摘　　要：害虫种群动态及发生发展规律监测对储粮害虫的综合治理具有重要意义。采用粘虫板及取样筛检法监测了广东省湛江北站国家粮食储备库和广西省沙井粮库四月份主要储粮害虫的活动和发展规律。结果表明:两库主要储粮害虫种类存在差异,南宁沙井粮库主要储粮害虫为嗜虫书虱和锈赤扁谷盗,湛江北站粮库主要为长角扁谷盗和小眼书虱;4月份期间,两库区已有大量书虱和扁谷盗发生,其中书虱种群数量呈直线上升;书虱类害虫的日活动规律与粮仓内的温湿度相关;不同储粮害虫在仓内的分布受多种因素影响,不同仓房中高发位点不同,南宁沙井粮库30号仓房中,嗜虫书虱高发位点为西南仓角、西南排风扇、西南窗和东北仓角,锈赤扁谷盗高发位点为仓中北,东北仓角,仓中心;湛江北站国家粮食储备库4号仓小眼书虱高发位点为东北扇和东南扇,长角扁谷盗高发位点为入门检查点、东南扇,东南角,中南、西南角、西北角。研究结果表明,4月份是我国两广地区储粮害虫生长繁殖的起始时期,是粮库进行害虫防治的关键月份。在检测和防治的过程,需要确定害虫的主要种类,根据不同害虫的活动规律,掌握和调整害虫监测时间和手段。There is practical importance in monitoring pest population dynamics and their regularity of occurrence and development for pest management during grain storage. The regularity of main stored grain insects activity and development were detected by sticky colored card and sample sieving in April at Guangdong Zhenjiang north station transfer grain depot of state grain reserve and Nanning Shajing grain depot. The result suggested that there were species differences of stored grain pests between these two stored grain depots. Liposcelis entomophila （Enderlein） and Cryptolestes ferrugineus （Stephens） seemed to be the mainly pests at Nanning Shajing grain depot, while they were Cryptolestes pusiUus（SchOnherr） and Liposcelis paeta （ Psocopotera： Liposcelididae） at Zhanjiang north station depot; during April, there were an outbreak of booklice and Laemophloeidae at both of the grain depots, and the population quantity of booklice had rose quickly; the daily activity habit had the obvious correlation with the temperature and humidity inside the barns; the distribution of different stored grain pests at warehouse got effected by many factors and therefore high infected areas were different in different barns. The result showed that it should be pay close attention to pest control as it is the beginning of growth and reproduction for stored grain pests in China＇s Guangdong and Guangxi in April. And in the process of detection and prevention, it was neeessary to identify the main pest species and adjust the monitoring time and means according to the activity regularity of different pests.

关 键 词：粘虫板 储粮害虫 监测 活动规律 分布规律 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]