一起由诺如病毒GⅡ型引起的学校胃肠炎聚集性疫情调查  

Investigation of a gastroenteritis outbreak caused by norovirus GⅡ in a school in Jiangmen, Guangdong

作　　者：黄国[1] 陈茂余[1] 张艳红[1] 李一鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江门市疾病预防控制中心,广东江门529030

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2015年第10期1432-1435,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的对江门市某学校发生的一起胃肠炎聚集性疫情进行调查和分析。方法采用描述性流行病学和病例对照研究方法分析疫情流行病学特征、传播方式及发病危险因素;对学校教室、食堂、饮水等开展卫生学调查,标本送实验室采用RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒。结果共报告病例69例,罹患率为5.66%。病例临床表现较轻,以呕吐为主（98.55%）。疫情从2014年11月3日至11月9日,持续6 d,发病高峰时间为11月5日。病例全部为学生,在年级、班级空间分布上有集聚性,一年级报告病例数最多（61例,占88.41%）。在学校午托（RR=2.80,95%CI：1.52~5.26）和相连座位有同学患病（OR=3.12,95%CI：1.14~8.52）是发病的危险因素。4份病人肛拭子标本中检测出诺如病毒GⅡ型。结论本次疫情为一起由诺如病毒GⅡ型引起的学校胃肠炎暴发,在学校午托、相连座位有同学患病是发病危险因素,传播方式为人传人。Objective To probe the pathogens,transmitting vector and risk factors of the gastroenteritis outbreak occurred in a school in Jiangmen. Methods Descriptive epidemiology and case-control study were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic,modes of transmission and risk factors. Classrooms,school canteen and drinking water conditions were also investigated. Samples were tested for norovirus nucleic acid by RT-PCR. Results 69 cases were found in this gastroenteritis outbreak,and the attack rate in the school was 5.66%. All of the cases were students. No in-patient cases were reported. The general symptoms of the cases were vomiting（98.55%）. The onset date of the index case was on November3 rd,lasting to November 9th,2014. The peak time was on November 5th. The distribution of cases in classes appeared distinct spatial aggregation. 88.41% cases were in first grade. Daycare at school（OR=3.12,95%CI=1.14~8.52） and sitting nearby gastroenteritis classmates（RR=2.80,95%CI=1.52~5.26） were risk factors. 4 out of 8 anal swabs were positive for Norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid. Conclusion This gastroenteritis outbreak happened in a school of Jiangmen was caused by Norovirus GⅡinfection. The main transmission mode was person-to-person contact.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 学校 暴发 

分 类 号：R573.3[医药卫生—消化系统]