制备条件对TiO_2晶型结构及光催化性能的影响  

Effects of Calcination Temperature and Water Contents on the Crystal Structure and Photocatalytic Performance of Titanium Dioxide

作　　者：刘玉忠[1] 刘晓宇[1,2] 李瑞[2] 龚斌[2] 郝艳[2] 赵颖[2] 席北斗[2] 王丽君[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学环境与市政工程学院,河南郑州450011 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《广东化工》2015年第22期17-19,9,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAJ21B04);北方寒冷缺水型村镇环境综合整治和资源化利用技术集成与示范

摘　　要：采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米二氧化钛光催化剂,考察了煅烧温度和加水量对纳米二氧化钛晶型、粒径、结晶度及光催化活性的影响。通过XRD和SEM对纳米二氧化钛粉体的晶型结构及晶粒形貌进行了分析。结果表明:随着煅烧温度的升高,二氧化钛的晶型逐渐由锐钛矿型转变为锐钛矿和金红石混合晶型,粒径逐渐增大,晶体发育趋于完整。随着加水量的增加,在低温煅烧下,催化剂的晶型和粒径变化较小,而在高温煅烧下,催化剂的粒径、金红石相和锐钛矿相的比例呈现先增大后减小的趋势。以10 mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液为目标降解物,500 W氙灯为光源,研究了不同条件下制备的纳米二氧化钛粉体对光催化降解亚甲基蓝溶液的效果。结果表明:Ti O2-50-650具有最佳的光催化性能,在p H=6.9、Ti O2-50-650的投加量为1.0 g/L、光照60 min条件下,亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色率达98.0%。Titanium dioxide （TiO2） photocatalyst were prepared by sol-gel method, and effects of calcination temperature and water contents on crystal structure, particle size, crystallinity and photocatalytic performance were systematically studied. The characteristics of produced powder were determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the crystallite size increases and the anatase phase transforms to the futile phase at elevated temperature. Furthermore, with the increasing of the amount of water, the crystal structure and particle size of photocatalyst changed little at the low calcination temperature. However, the particle size and R/A of TiO~ nanopowder first increased and then decreased at the high calcination temperature. Especially, the effect of titanium dioxide powder prepared under different conditions on photocatalytic reactivities was investigated by solar-assisted degradation of 10 mg/L Methylene Blue （MB）. The results showed that TIO,-50-650 had the best photocatalytic properties. The dosage of TIO2-50-650 was 1.0 g/L, illumination time was 1 h, pH=6.9, and the decolorization rate of methylene blue solution could reach 98.0 %.

关 键 词：二氧化钛 煅烧温度 加水量 晶型结构 光催化降解 

分 类 号：TQ134.11[化学工程—无机化工]