冬水田栽培模式对杂交中稻源库特征和营养吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Different Cultivation Models on Nutrient Uptake and Utilization and Source-sink Characteristics of Mid-season Hybrid Rice Combination in Winter Water-logged Field

作　　者：徐富贤[1,2] 张林[1,2] 熊洪[1,2] 朱永川[1,2] 刘茂[1,2] 蒋鹏[1,2] 郭晓艺[1,2] 周兴兵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心,四川泸州646000 [2]农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《中国稻米》2015年第6期19-27,共9页China Rice

基　　金：四川省财政"基因工程"项目(2013LWJJ-009);公益性行业专项(201003016);粮食科技丰产工程(2011BAD16BO5-1);西南水稻创新体系建设;四川省财政推广项目

摘　　要：以20个杂交中稻组合为材料,在冬水田条件下,研究了高密低肥、中密中肥和低密高肥3类栽培模式对产量、库源性状、地上部干物质及氮、磷、钾吸收累积的影响。结果表明,栽培模式和杂交组合对产量、地上部干物质量的影响较大,对氮、磷、钾在各器官中含量作用相对较小;其中栽培模式的影响大于杂交组合的作用。产量和干物质量表现为高密低肥>中密中肥>低密高肥,收获指数则表现为高密低肥<中密中肥<低密高肥。氮和磷主要分配到穗部,钾主要分配到茎;3种栽培模式氮的利用效率表现为高密低肥>中密中肥>低密高肥,而磷和钾则表现为高密低肥<中密中肥<低密高肥。齐穗期叶绿素含量低和粒叶比高、成熟期千粒重和产量高的中、大穗型杂交组合,其氮、磷、钾稻谷生产效率高。The variations of grain yield, source-sink characteristics, dry matter and N, P, K distribution in different organs of above ground plants of mid-season hybrid rice were studied in winter water-logged field. The experiment was conducted with 20 mid-season hybrid rice combinations grown in 3 cultivation models of high-density with low-fertilization （HL）, mid-density with mid-fertilization （MM） and low density with high fertilization （LH）, in a randomized block design with 3 replications. Data were analyzed by the vari- ance and regression.The results showed that the effects of cultivation models and hybrid rice combinations on grain yield and dry mat- ter weight in different organs of above ground plants were much greater than on the N,P,K content. Meanwhile, the effects of cultiva- tion models were bigger than that of hybrid rice combinations. Grain yield and dry matter weight showed HL〉MM〉LH, harvest indexes showed HL〈MM〈LH. N and P were mainly distributed in grain, and K were mainly distributed in stems; N use efficiency showed HL〉 MM〉LH, P and K use efficiency showed HL〈MM〈LH. Mid-large panicle type hybrid rice combinations with low chlorophyll content, high spikelets-leaf ratio, high 1 000-grain weight and high grain yield at full heading, had high use efficiency of N, P and K.

关 键 词：冬水田 杂交中稻 栽培模式 库源性状 养分利用效率 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]