温度和盐度对指状伪镖水蚤孵化及产粪的影响  

Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Hatching and Fecal Production of Pseudodiaptomidae inopinus

作　　者：李光福[1] 朱丽岩[1] 王晓敏[1] 韩萃 江田田[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第11期36-42,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172412);国家科技重大专项子课题项目(2012ZX07501-003-06)资助

摘　　要：桡足类是海洋浮游动物的重要组成部分,而指状伪镖水蚤分布广泛,生殖挂卵,易于观察,被选为实验对象。本研究设定了一系列温度、盐度梯度,对指状伪镖水蚤的温度、盐度适应性进行了探讨。结果：温度对雌性指状伪镖水蚤产粪粒数、卵孵化率及孵化时间均有显著影响（P〈0.05）。在10~35℃范围内,随着温度的升高,卵孵化率也随着升高,在20℃时达到最大,随后又有所下降;孵化时间呈现出明显的缩短趋势;24h产粪粒数随着温度的升高呈现出先逐渐增加后又略微降低的趋势。盐度对雌性指状伪镖水蚤卵孵化率、孵化时间及产粪粒数均有显著影响（P〈0.05）。在盐度为10~40范围内,随着盐度的升高,孵化率逐渐下降,孵化时间逐渐缓慢延长,24h产粪粒数总体呈下降趋势。据此可以得出：指状伪镖水蚤的最适繁育温度为20℃,最适繁育盐度为10,并且与盐度相比温度对其影响更加明显。Copepods are important components of marine zooplankton.Pseudodiaptomidae inopinus was chosen as our experimental subjects for the wide distribution and easy observation of its hanging eggs.The experiment set up a series of temperature and salinity gradients to investigate its temperature and salinity adaptation.The results：Temperature has significant effects on the hatching rate,hatching time and fecal production of the female P.inopinus（P0.05）.In the range of 10℃to 35℃,as the temperature rises,the hatching rate of P.inopinus increases,and the maximum number appears at 20 ℃ before a slightly downing.The hatching time showed a clear trend of shortening,and the number of fecal production in 24 h presented a gradually elevated and slightly lowered trend.Salinity has significant effects on hatching rate,hatching time and fecal production（P0.05）.When the salinity was in the range of 10 to 40,as salinity increased,the P.inopinus hatching number decreased gradually,hatching time expended slowly and gradually,and the fecal production in 24 hdecreased overall.Based on the experiment,we can conclude that the best culture temperature is 20℃ and the best salinity is 10 for eggs hatching.Compared with salinity,it is more susceptible to the influence of temperature.

关 键 词：指状伪镖水蚤 温度 盐度 孵化率 孵化时间 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]