《黄帝内经》“时脏”学说阐微  

Discussion on the“Seasonal Organs”Theory of The Inner Canon of Huangdi

作　　者：李鸿泓[1,2] 张其成[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学国学院,北京100029 [2]北京市石景山区中医医院

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2015年第9期675-676,685,共3页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)资助项目(2013CB532001)~~

摘　　要：[目的]辨析《黄帝内经》之主要时脏配属观点,探究脾土时令配属问题之渊源,并初步推测其形成时期。[方法]以文献学、历史学之研究方法,搜集《黄帝内经》成书前文献,以《礼记·月令》《管子·四时》《吕氏春秋·十二纪》《淮南子·时则训》《春秋繁露·五行对》等篇章为重点,辨析《黄帝内经》中观点各异的时脏配属之渊源、演化及形成时期。[结果]"六时六脏"论与解剖学含义更为有关,属"时脏相应"的早期观点,但六或十二有其特定的文化渊源;"八风八脏"论是受到"出乎震"卦时、卦位的影响;"四时四脏"论未言明"土"的配属及其作用,当属"时脏相应"引入五行学说进行气化论证的早期阶段或与"四时五脏"说同源而语略;"五时五脏"论体现了与五行学说严密结合、均衡配属的特点;最具理论内涵与临床实用性的当属"四时五脏"之说。[结论]《黄帝内经》观点各异的时脏配属尽管是不同流派医家吸纳多家哲学思想的结果,但通过相关文献的辨析,其核心思想可以简要概括为:脾脏位于中央,应于四时,寄于其间各十八日以转圜。[Objective] Discuss the ＂five seasonal organs＂theory of The Inner Canon of Huangdi, especially the seasonal issues of the spleen and preliminarily speculate the formation period. [Methods]By means of literature and historiography methods, information before The Inner Canon of Huangdi would be gathered, especially＂The Book of Rites·on Order＂,＂Guanzi·Seasons＂,＂Annals by Lv·Twelve Ji＂and so on. On this basis, we can discuss the different perspectives of ＂five seasonal organs＂theory and the seasonal issues of the spleen of The Inner Canon of Huangdi, and preliminarily speculate the theory＇s origin, evolution, and formation. [Results]＂Six periods connected to six internal organs＂theory is more concerned with the meaning of anatomy, although it is early view of the＂seasonal organs＂theory, but six or twelve has its specific cultural origins;＂Eight wind connected to eight internal organs＂theory is affected by Zhou Yi;＂four periods connected to four internal organs＂theory couldn＇t explain attribution of the ＂soil＂and its role, it belongs to the early stages of Qi argumentation of the＂seasonal organs＂theory after the introduction of the Five Elements Theory;＂five periods connected to five internal organs＂theory reflected the tight integration with the theory of five elements and balanced attachment features; the theory which has the most theoretical and clinical meaning is＂four periods connected to five internal organs＂theory. [Conclusion] The different perspectives of＂five seasonal organs＂theory and the seasonal issues of the spleen of The Inner Canon of Huangdi are results of a number of philosophical thoughts absorbed by different doctors, but through analysis of the relevant literature, the core ideas can be briefly summarized, it can be generalized that the spleen is located in the center, connected at any time, behalf of governance after each season ＇s eighteen days.

关 键 词：黄帝内经 时脏 脾脏 应时 寄治 

分 类 号：R221[医药卫生—中医基础理论]