民事诉讼发回重审的理由比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Reason of Retrial in Civil Procedure Law

作　　者：占善刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2015年第6期143-157,共15页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：国家"2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心研究成果

摘　　要：在续审制背景下,第二审法院乃是在第一审程序的基础上续行审理程序。因此,第二审法院针对可撤销的一审判决,原则上必须自行裁判,而发回重审仅为例外。发回重审的理由包括第一审程序违法以及第一审法院判决不当两大类。为保障当事人的审级利益,第二审法院无论以哪种理由发回重审,均须同时满足案件有必要在第一审法院由当事人作进一步的言词辩论这一前提条件。我国现行《民事诉讼法》关于发回重审理由的设计未能凸显第二审程序的性质以及当事人审级利益的维护,不仅有违发回重审制度之本旨,并且造成了民事司法实践中发回重审制度适用的失范。Under the background of continued trial system, the court of second instance is on the basis of the procedure of first proceedings. As a result, the court of second instance must make a judgment in case of an appeal in principle, and the retrial is only an exception. The retrial reasons include improper procedure in first instance and substantive judgment. To protect the trail class interest of the parties, the court of second instance shall not send back the case only if it is necessary to be further debated in the court of first instance by the parties. The present civil procedure law regarding the retrial reason is incorrect for the reason that it is against the aim of retrial system, and it may result in practice confusion.

关 键 词：发回重审 事实审 自行裁判 审级利益程序瑕疵 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]