中国国际直接投资角色的转变  

The Transformation of China's Role of International Direct Investment

作　　者：李晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2015年第12期44-53,共10页Contemporary Economic Management

基　　金：2014年国家自然科学基金应急项目<全球价值链背景下我国制造业转型升级策略研究>(71441033)

摘　　要：随着经济从高速增长进入中高速增长的"新常态",中国在国际产业转移中所扮演的角色正在发生重大的转变。一方面,中国仍然是世界最重要的投资地,FDI流入规模大且基本保持稳定,但是劳动成本的快速上涨使传统的价格优势正在被削弱,制造业占中国利用FDI的比重持续下降。另一方面,中国正在形成新的产业竞争优势,对外投资处于快速增长阶段,其中服务行业和采矿业是对外投资的主体,制造业对外直接投资规模和比重均相对较低。未来中国制造业利用外资的结构将发生重大变化,高技术产业和新兴产业领域以及与之相伴的研发设计、生产服务等领域将成为利用外资的热点。在政策的大力支持下,中国企业将更主动地参与到全球生产网络中去,中国的对外直接投资将进入快车道。在未来的国际分工格局中,中国应坚持"引进来"与"走出去"并重,积极适应新的国际规则,同时重视"走出去"对制造业可能造成的负面影响以及"走出去"的潜在风险。With the economic growth shifts from high-speed to the 'New Normal', China's role, in the international industry transfer, is undergoing a significant change as well. On the one hand, China is still the world's most important investment destination, and the scale of the foreign direct investment( FDI) inflows is huge and remains stable; but the rapid rise in labor costs is weakening the traditional price advantage, and the percentage of FDI inflow in the manufacturing sector in China is continuing declining. On the other hand, the new industrial competitive advantage of China is thriving. China's FDI is in a rapid growth phase and the service industry and the mining industry is the main destination of FDI, and the scale and the proportion of manufacturing are relatively low. The structure of FDI inflow in China's manufacturing will face a major change in the future, and the high-technology industries and the strategic emerging industries and the related design, production and service sectors will become the hot spot of FDI inflow. With the strong support from the government, Chinese enterprises will be more active participation in the global production network, China's FDI will enter its fast lane. In the future international division of labor, China should adhere to both the 'bring in' and ' go global' strategies, and actively adapt to the new international rules, pay more attention to the negative impact on the manufacturing and the potential risks of ' go global' strategy.

关 键 词：国际直接投资 对外直接投资 国际产业转移 跨境并购 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F832.48[经济管理—国民经济]