基于粒子群算法的车用柴油机有机朗肯循环系统运行参数优化  

Parametric optimization of organic Rankine cycle for vehicle diesel engine based on particle swarm optimization

作　　者：张红光[1,2] 王宏进[1,2] 杨凯[1,2] 杨富斌[1,2] 宋松松[1,2] 常莹[1,2] 贝晨[1,2] 孟凡骁 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124 [2]北京电动车辆协同创新中心,北京100124

出　　处：《化工学报》2015年第12期5031-5039,共9页CIESC Journal

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(3152005);国家自然科学基金项目(51376011);北京市教育委员会科技计划重点项目(KZ201410005003)~~

摘　　要：为了有效回收柴油机排气余热能,通过实验研究了一台车用柴油机排气能量变化规律,进而设计有机朗肯循环(ORC)系统回收该柴油机的排气余热能,并基于粒子群算法,以净输出功率和?效率为目标函数,选取蒸发压力、过热度和膨胀机膨胀比为优化变量,对ORC系统的运行参数进行了优化研究。优化结果表明,在柴油机不同运行工况条件下,存在最佳的蒸发压力、过热度和膨胀机膨胀比,从而使ORC系统的净输出功率和?效率最优。根据运行参数优化结果,分析了ORC系统和车用柴油机-ORC联合系统(联合系统)的性能。研究结果表明,当柴油机转速为2200 r·min-1,转矩为1215 N·m时,ORC系统的净输出功率可达30.61 k W,联合系统的有效输出功提升率(POIR)可达9.86%;当柴油机转速为1200 r·min-1,转矩为1131 N·m时,联合系统的有效燃油消耗率(BSFC)为175.0 g·(k W·h)-1。To efficiently recover the waste heat from the diesel engine exhaust, an organic Rankine cycle（ORC） system was employed. The variation tendency of the diesel engine exhaust energy under various operating conditions was analyzed through experiments. Based on the particle swarm optimization, the operating parameters including evaporation pressure, superheat degree, and expansion ratio ofORC systems were optimized with net power output and exergy efficiency selected as objective functions. The optimization results show that, for a certain operating condition of the diesel engine, the optimal values for evaporating pressure, superheat degree, and expansion ratio can be determined. According to the optimization, theORC system and vehicle diesel engine-ORC combined system are studied. The results show that, at the diesel engine speed of 2200 r·min-1 and engine torque of 1215 N·m, the net power output of theORC system is 30.61 k W and the power output increasing rate of the combined system is 9.86%. At the diesel engine speed of 1200 r·min-1 and engine torque of 1131 N·m, the brake specific fuel consumption of combined system is 175.0 g·（k W·h）-1.

关 键 词：车用柴油机 ORC 余热回收 热力学过程 传热 优化 

分 类 号：TK406[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]