济宁市城乡40岁以上居民脑卒中高危人群筛查分析  

An analysis of screening to identify the population at risk of stroke in urban and rural areas of Jining

作　　者：渠慎稳 卢兴强[1] 王梅[1] 田晓媛[1] 申振伟 黄文国[1] 

机构地区：[1]济宁市疾病预防控制中心,山东济宁272000 [2]山东大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2015年第11期1028-1030,1043,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家脑防委2011年医改重大专项脑卒中高危人群筛查及干预试点项目(卫规财便函[2011]301号;卫脑防委[2012]19号);济宁市科学技术局2013年济宁市科技计划(医疗卫生)项目(济科字[2013]79号)

摘　　要：目的通过对济宁市40岁以上城乡居民脑卒中高危人群筛查,了解当地脑卒中危险因素分布及构成情况,并对主要危险因素进行分析,为建立城乡脑卒中高危人群干预体系提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,从济宁市梁山县、邹城市抽取≥40岁常住居民19 942人进行问卷调查和体格检查,对调查数据进行统计分析。结果受调查者中脑卒中高危人群占18.2%;居前5位的危险因素分别为高血压、血脂异常、超重或肥胖、体育锻炼少或轻体力劳动和吸烟,发生率分别占68.0%、56.2%、51.7%、48.5%和31.6%;8种危险因素发生率城乡之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中有高血压、吸烟、体育锻炼少或从事轻体力劳动者比例(或发生率)农村高于城市,血脂异常、超重或肥胖者比例城市高于农村。结论济宁市城乡脑卒中高危人群占比较高,主要高危因素包括高血压、血脂异常、超重或肥胖、体育锻炼少或轻体力劳动及吸烟等。因此应对脑卒中高危人群采取相应的健康指导及干预,以减少脑卒中的发生。Objective To ascertain what the risk factors for a stroke are and how prevalent they are locally by screening residents over the age of 40 in urban and rural areas of Jining to identify the population at risk of stroke in order to provide a scientific basis for establishment of a system of interventions targeting the population at risk of stroke in urban and rural areas. Methods Cluster sampling was used to select 19 942 permanent residents age 40≥ from the City of Zoucheng, Liangshan County to undergo a physical examination and complete a survey. Data from the survey were statistically ana- lyzed. Results The population at risk of stroke accounted for 18.20/00 of the total population. Eight risk {actors for stroke were identified, and the top 5 risk factors were hypertension （68 % ）, dyslipidemia （56.2 % ）, being overweight or obese （51.7%）, little exercise or light manual labor （48.5%）, and smoking （31.6%）. The incidence of the 8 risk fac- tors for stroke differed significantly in rural and urban areas （P〈0.05）. Hypertension, smoking, little exercise, and light manual labor were more prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas, and dyslipidemia and being overweight or obese were more prevalent in urban areas than in rural areas. Conclusion Jining has a relatively large population at risk of stroke in urban and rural areas, and the major risk factors for stroke include hypertension, dyslipidemia, being overweight or obese, little exercise or light manual labor, and smoking. Therefore, appropriate health guidance should be provided and interventions should be conducted to reduce the incidence of stroke.

关 键 词：脑卒中 高危人群 筛查分析 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]