北京城市扩展对热岛效应的影响  

The impact of urban sprawl on heat island intensity in Beijing

作　　者：崔耀哥 刘纪远[2] 秦耀辰[1] 董金玮[3] 路婧琦 张帅帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心/环境与规划学院,河南开封475004 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]俄克拉荷马大学微生物和植物生物学系空间分析中心,美国俄克拉荷马73019

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第12期3485-3493,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371409;41401504);2015年河南省重点科技攻关项目(152102310296)资助

摘　　要：以北京市为例,基于多期土地利用变化(LUCC)数据集,城市和郊区气象观测数据及一期Landsat TM影像,对北京市的城市扩展与地表温度和近地表气温的对应关系及变化过程作了分析。利用混合像元分解技术实现北京市区下垫面的分类,并联立"单窗算法"反演的地表温度数据进行分析,在北京市范围内利用多期LUCC和气象站点观测数据,对北京城市扩展对气候的影响进行时间和空间上的综合评价。结果表明:北京市地表温度的高低主要与不透水层的比例有关,不透水层对地表增温的作用要大于植被层的降温作用;从时间上看,初步证实了城市热岛强度前期随着城市扩展而增加,但在一定条件下,其强度随城市扩展并非一味升高,反而会出现一定程度上的稳定甚至降低现象。Based on six land use and land cover change （LUCC） datasets, urban and suburban meteorological observation data and a Landsat TM image, this study analyzed the changes of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature with Beijing urban sprawl. Firstly, the urban land surface temperature and the urban underlying surface types were extracted by single-window inversion algorithm and linear spectral mixture analysis model. Then, six LUCC datasets and two meteorological observation datasets were used to analyze the impact of urban sprawl on the region- al thermal environment. The results showed that the value of land surface temperature in a pixel mainly depended on the fraction of impervious surface of the pixel. The warming effect of impervi- ous surface for land surface temperature was greater than the cooling effect of the vegetation frac- tion in the pixel. In the process of urban sprawl, urban heat island intensity increased along with the urban sprawl continuously in early stage. However, urban heat island intensity might be stable and even descend under a certain condition.

关 键 词：城市扩展 热岛强度 土地利用 不透水层 北京市 

分 类 号：X21[环境科学与工程—环境科学]