磷尾矿堆积区常见植物对重金属的吸收和富集特征研究  

Absorption and Accumulation Characteristics of Heavy Metals by Plants in Phosphate Tailings Area

作　　者：毛海立[1] 王雪[1] 杨艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]黔南民族师范学院化学与化工系,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2015年第11期46-50,共5页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：调查分析贵州福泉川恒磷尾矿堆积区土壤中重金属Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的含量,采集矿区常见植物,对比植物对Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的吸收、转运和富集特征。结果表明,磷尾矿区土壤未受四种重金属污染,植物体内金属含量也都在正常范围值内,体内重金属含量均未能达到超富集植物的含量标准;在调查的植物中,对Cd的富集系数值均大于1,禾本科雀麦、菊科野菊花体现了对Pb、Cu、Cd等多金属的富集优势,禾本科雀麦对Pb、Cu、Cd的富集系数为3.47、1.58、2.9,野菊花为1.86、0.86、4.02;迁移系数分别为雀麦2.82、2.16、0.67,野菊花3.98、1.28、0.74;对于元素Zn两者的TF值均大于1,因此这两种矿区植物都展现出了对重金属良好富集与迁移特征,对污染土壤的植物修复具有潜在的应用价值,应该通过实验室水土试验加以确认。A field survey on the content of heavy metals in soils and plants in phosphate tailings mining area of Fuquan Chuanhen was carried out,and the absorption and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals between plants and soil were compared.Results showed that the soils and plants in the mining area was not polluted by heavy metals,and heavy metals content in the above plants don＇t reach the standard of the hyper accumulator. Among 5 species of the collected herbaceous plants,the BCF of Cd large than 1,the BCF of Pb,Cu and Cd in Bromus japonicas Thunb was 3. 47,1. 58 and 2. 9 separately,the transfer coefficients2. 82,2. 16,0. 67 separately; the BCF of Pb,Cu and Cd in Dendranthema indicum（ L） Des Moul was 1. 86,0. 86 and 4. 02 separately,the transfer coefficients 3. 98,1. 28,0. 74 separately; the transfer coefficients of Zn in this two plant were all higher than1. The enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in Bromus japonicus Thunb and Dendranthema indicum（ L） Des Moul were better. This two plants have a better potential and practical use in phytoremediation as their favorable resistibility to heavy metal.

关 键 词：超富集植物 重金属污染 植物修复 磷尾矿 

分 类 号：X503.23[环境科学与工程—环境工程]