地面三维大气电场与雷暴云电荷方位的关系  

The Relation of Three Dimension Atmospheric Electric Field and Thundercloud Charge Position

作　　者：季鑫源[1,2,3] 行鸿彦[1,2,3] 徐伟[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心 [2]江苏省气象探测与信息处理重点实验室 [3]电子与信息工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2015年第6期63-68,共6页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:61072133);江苏省产学研联合创新计划(编号:BY2013007-02;BY2011112);江苏省高等学校科研成果产业化推进计划(编号:JHB2011-15);江苏省“六大人才高峰”计划资助的课题;江苏省“信息与通信工程”优势学科资助

摘　　要：为了能在地面探测空中雷暴云电荷的空间方位,提出了一种利用地面三维大气电场和相对介电常数的测量来确定雷暴云电荷方位的方法。文中分析了空中电荷在地表产生的电场大小和方向关系,建立了雷暴云和大地的静电场分布模型,给出了通过三维大气电场值和地表介电常数值反演空中雷暴云电荷方位的公式。通过自主研发的电场探测系统,发现在干燥土壤,岩石等相对介电常数较小的地表存在较大的水平电场分量,验证了在地面探测雷暴云电荷方位的方法具有可行性。In order to detect the space position of thundercloud charge in the sky, a kind of method is put forward that through the measurement of 3D atmospheric electric field and the relative dielectric constant of ground to determine the thundercloud charge position. The relation between the charge in the sky and electric vector on the ground is analyzed, then the electrostatic field distribution model of thundercloud and the earth surface is established, afterwards a formula is given which through three- dimensional atmospheric electric field and the surface dielectric constant to work out thundercloud charge location. The experiment, using independent developed instrument, shows that in dry soil and rock surface and other surface of small relative dielectric constant material it have larger horizontal electric field component, also verifies that this method has feasibility in detecting thundercloud charge position.

关 键 词：雷暴云电荷定位 大气电场矢量 镜像法 介电常数 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]