上海市公立幼儿园4～6岁儿童孤独谱系障碍现况调查  

Epidemiological investigation on autism spectrum disorders among preschool children in Shanghai

作　　者：姜凌霄 李改智 郝丽丽 郭润蒲 杨曹骅[1] 杜亚松[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,200030

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2015年第12期1365-1368,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：上海交通大学医工交叉研究基金（YG2013ZD0503）

摘　　要：目的 了解上海市公立幼儿园4～6岁儿童中孤独谱系障碍（ASD）的患病情况.方法 随机选取松江区与徐汇区为代表,以普查方式,采用克氏孤独症行为量表、社会交往问卷、高功能ASD筛查问卷,对调查区域的公立幼儿园中所有10 385名4～6岁儿童进行筛查,对筛查阳性者采用孤独症诊断访谈量表与DSM-5进行诊断.结果 在9 665份有效问卷中,共9名患儿确诊为ASD,男女性别比为8：1,时点患病率为0.93‰,ADI-R评估结果与DSM-5的诊断一致.其中2名患儿没有就诊记录,“语言”相关问题为家长选择就医的首要主诉,“社会交往质的障碍”为确诊患儿最显著的症状.结论 上海市学龄前儿童孤独谱系障碍的时点患病率较低,可能与一些患儿未入园有关.Objective To investigate the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders （ASD） of children aged 4-6 years in public kindergartens in Shanghai.Methods Songjiang district and Xuhui district were selected randomly as the representative sample.By means of ＂Clancy Autism Behavior Scale＂,＂Social Communication Questionnaire＂ and ＂high-functioning Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire＂,all of the 33 public kindergartens in chosen area,which contained 10 385 children aged 4-6 years,were surveyed.Those who were screened as suspected cases would be further diagnosed by ＂Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised＂ and ＂Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition＂.Results Among 9 665 valid questionnaires,9 children were diagnosed with ASD.The ratio of male to female was 8：1,the point prevalence rate was 0.93‰.The results of ADI-R corresponded with that of DSM-5.There were two children who never had medical records.For others,＂language＂ problem was the most likely reason for their parents to seek medical help,while ＂deficits in social communication＂ was the main symptom of patients.Conclusion The prevalence of ASD was lower than those recorded in literature,home and abroad which might be related to some patients not going to public kindergartens.

关 键 词：孤独谱系障碍 流行病学 患病率 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]