不同溶液对荷叶润湿性能的影响  

Effect of different solutions on the wettability of lotus leaves

作　　者：杨卓娟[1] 王庆成[1] 高英[2] 门玉琢[2] 杨晓东[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林工程技术师范学院机械工程学院,长春130052 [2]长春工程学院理学院,长春130012

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2015年第6期1869-1873,共5页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51275055);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20140101058JC)

摘　　要：研究了荷叶在不同pH值、不同浸润时间的酸(H2SO4)、碱(NaOH)、乙醇(C2H5OH)和丙酮(C3H6O)溶液浸泡后润湿性能的变化情况。结果表明:试验条件下,溶液酸碱度、浸润时间对荷叶与水的接触角无明显影响;对试验前、后荷叶样本扫描电镜(SEM)和场发射环境扫描电镜(ESEM-FEG)图片进行对比分析发现:荷叶表面微观形貌及表面蜡晶形貌均未见明显变化。对荷叶表面化学成分作用分析结果显示,酸、碱溶液与荷叶表面脂类成分(蜡晶)间的惰性反应是荷叶对酸、碱溶液不润湿的主要原因。经乙醇和丙酮溶液处理后的荷叶样本表面迅速失去超疏水特性而呈现亲水特征,其原因是荷叶表面脂类成分与醇类、酮类物质具有高度亲和性,从而改变了荷叶表面微观结构和脂类成分。The change of the wettabilitys of lotus leaves after been soaked in different solutions,acid（H2SO4）,alkali（NaOH）,ethanol（C2H5OH）and acetone（C3H6O）,with different pH values and soaking times was investigated.The results show that pH value and soaking time have little influence on the water contact angle on the lotus leaves.The lotus leaf samples before and after the experiments were observed using scanning electron microscope（SEM）and field emission scanning electron microscope（FESEM-FEG）.We find that there are no obvious changes of the surface morphology and wax crystal of the lotus leaf.Chemical composition analysis of the lotus leaves demonstrates that the inert reaction between acid-base solution and cuticular wax is the main reason of un-wettability for the lotus leaves.The main reason for the rapid loss of the superhydrophobic property of the lotus leaf samples after being soaked in ethanol and acetone solutions is that the surface morphology and cuticular wax are changed due to the high combining ability of alcohols and ketones with cuticular wax.

关 键 词：工程仿生学 润湿性 荷叶 酸溶液 碱溶液 乙醇溶液 丙酮溶液 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学] TB17[生物学—生物工程]